Fig. 1. Mutant space cadet larvae exhibit specific swimming defects. Individual frames from high-speed videos showing (A) a stimulus induced escape response in wild-type larvae, (B) stimulus induced double turns in space cadet larvae and (C) spontaneous multiple turns in space cadet larvae. (A) Upon stimulation, the wild-type larva first bends its body and tail into a C-like profile, resulting in a fast displacement of the head away from the source of the stimulus (A1-A4). The C-like bend is first followed by a counter turn (A5-A6). Then, the larva rapidly accelerates away from its initial position (A7-A12). (B) space cadet larva responding to tactile stimulation with two successive large turns in the same direction (first turn B1-B6, second turn B7-B9). (C) A space cadet larva performing multiple, successive turns in the absence of tactile stimulation, resulting in a rotating movement (first turn C1-C6, second turn C7-C9 and third turn C10-C12)