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Fig. 3. Xfz3 induces neural crest in animal caps. (A) Xfz3 induces neural crest in a dose-dependent manner. RT-PCR was performed on animal caps ectopically expressing Xfz3 (10 pg, 100 pg, 1 ng) or Xwnt1 (1 pg, 10 pg, 100 pg), either alone or with chordin (1 ng). Stage 23 embryos were used as a positive control. -RT, without reverse transcriptase; EF1{alpha} is a loading control. (B) Xfz3 induces the same neural crest markers as Xwnt1 and Xwnt8, shown by RT-PCR analysis of animal caps expressing chordin (1 ng) alone or with Xfz3 (1 ng), Xwnt1 (0.1 ng) or Xwnt8 (0.1 ng). (C) Xfz3 induces migratory melanocytes in animal caps. Albino eggs were fertilized with pigmented male sperm and injected with RNAs for chordin (1 ng) alone or with Xfz3 (100 pg), Xwnt1 (10 pg) or Xfz3/CS2 (50 pg) as indicated. Punctate pigmented spots are migratory melanocytes. ‘uninj’ indicates animal cap from uninjected embryo (A-C). ‘embryo’ in C (upper right) indicates close-up view of melanocytes in uninjected embryo.