Fig. 6. Ability of purified heparin oligosaccharides to induce the bypass phenotype. (A,B) Purification of heparin oligosaccharides with SAX-HPLC. (A) Oligosaccharides derived by heparitinase treatment of porcine mucosal heparin were separated using SAX-HPLC with a linear NaCl gradient (0-2 M NaCl). Fractions collected between 60 and 90 minutes were combined. (B) The combined sample from A was further purified using SAX-HPLC with a shallower NaCl gradient (0.8-1.3 M NaCl), and peaks 1 to 5 were isolated. The inset shows the complete elution profile. (C) The ability of peaks 1 to 5 at a concentration of 10 µM to induce the bypass phenotype. Results are expressed as a percentage of total embryos showing the bypass phenotype. Numbers in parentheses indicate total number of embryos.