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Fig. 7. Transgenic Rho GDI{alpha} expression inhibited cardiac cell proliferation. (A,B) Immunofluorescent staining for phosphohistone H3, visualized by fluorescent microscopy. The number of nuclei stained positive in the heart fields (indicated by small arrows) was markedly higher in nontransgenic embryos (A) than in transgenic embryos (B). The number of positive nuclei was also markedly higher in non-cardiac tissues than in cardiac tissue in the transgenic embryos (B). (C,D) Phosphohistone H3 (C) and DAPI (D) were visualized in the same fields and were seen to colocalize in mitotic subepicardial cells (indicated by small arrows). The majority of nuclei that stained positive were located in the subepicardial cell layer (SM) immediately under the epicardium (E). (E) The number of phosphohistone H3-positive nuclei (FITC, green) was determined as a percentage of the total nuclei (DAPI, blue) within the subepicardial cell layer as shown in C and D. *P<0.05 vs nontransgenic mice. A, atrium; V, ventricle.