Fig. 5. Recombination of epithelium with female UGT/VMP. (A) A schematic diagram of the recombination, where isolated urethral epithelium was placed on top of the VMP of a female UGT, followed by 6 days growth in vitro with or without testosterone. (B) Left side shows a recombination grown in the absence of testosterone, and the recombined epithelium is indicated by arrowheads. Right side shows a recombination grown in the presence of testosterone; arrowhead shows recombined epithelium on the surface of the VMP; numerous epithelial buds can be seen extending into the VMP. Scale bar: 1 mm.