Fig. 8. Effects of CCR1 ligands on migratory activity of isolated human EVTs. Isolated EVTs (6–9-weeks gestation, n=5) were allowed to migrate through a Matrigel-coated membrane filter in the absence (control) or presence of RANTES (A-C), MIP-1 (D), MCP-2 (E) and HCC-1 (F), either with or without heat-inactivation. EVTs that reached the lower surface were visualized by staining with anti-cytokeratin 7 mAb (A,B) and counted with NIH Image 1.61. The number of EVTs that migrated in the presence of intact RANTES was significantly larger than in the presence of heat-inactivated RANTES and in the control (C). Similarly, the number of migrated EVTs increased significantly in the presence of intact MIP-1 (D), MCP-2 (E) and HCC-1 (F). Scale bars: 200 µm in A, B. Mean±s.e.m. in C-F; *, P<0.05; **, P<0.01.