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Fig. 2. Maternal PP2A:B56{epsilon} is required for dorsal development. (A) Morpholino antisense oligonucleotide directed against PP2A:B56{epsilon} blocks the translation of flag-tagged PP2A:B56{epsilon} RNA, but not flag-tagged PP2A:B56{epsilon}-c, in Xenopus oocytes, as determined by western blotting. EGFP mRNA was coinjected and western blotted with anti-GFP as a control. (B) Vegetal view of an uninjected host-transfer embryo at the onset of gastrulation (stage 10+), showing formation of the dorsal lip of the blastopore. (C) Vegetal view of a maternal PP2A:B56{epsilon}-depleted embryo also at stage 10+, showing absence of dorsal lip. (D) RT-PCR showing the gene expression profile in maternal PP2A:B56{epsilon} and ß-catenin-depleted embryos at midgastrula stage (stage 11). (E) RT-PCR showing reduced expression of Xnr5 and Xnr6 at the 1,000-cell stage and reduced expression of siamois and Xnr3 at gastrula stage (stage 10). (F) RT-PCR showing reduction of dorsal gene expression in maternal PP2A:B56{epsilon}-depleted embryos could be rescued by PP2A:B56{epsilon}-c mRNA.