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Fig. 3. Interference with PDGFA function in the BCR randomizes the migration of normal mesoderm. (A-F) Normal mesoderm on substratum conditioned with PDGFA-compromised BCR (see explanatory scheme above). Substratum was conditioned with BCR containing inhibitory dnPDGFA mRNA (A), or morpholino antisense oligonucleotides directed against PDGFA (B), 5-mismatch control morpholino (C), PDGFA morpholino together with lfPDGFA mRNA (D), lfPDGFA mRNA alone (E) or C-terminally truncated trPDGFA (F). (G,H) Mesoderm expressing trPDGFA mRNA (G) or normal mesoderm migrating in the presence of exogenous PDGFAA protein (H), on normal conditioned substratum. n, number of explants tested; results from at least three independent experiments. Explants in C,F prefer the animal pole direction significantly (significance level {alpha}=0.0005). Explants in A,B,D,E,G,H show no preference for the animal pole [at {alpha}=0.05 for (B,D) or any significance level for all others]. (I) Specificity of morpholino function. Animal caps were explanted at stage 9, and cultured for 3 days. (a) untreated animal caps; (b) caps from embryos co-injected with PDGFR{alpha} and lfPDGFA mRNAs; (c) caps as in b, but with additional injection of PDGFA morpholino; (d) caps as in c, but incubated in 200 ng/ml of human recombinant PDGFA protein after explantation.