Fig. 3. Epidermal hole closure as part of natural morphogenetic episodes.
Drosophila dorsal closure and C. elegans ventral enclosure.
(A-D) Confocal micrographs of the dorsal surface of successively older
Drosophila embryos expressing
-catenin-GFP that depict the
four phases of dorsal closure: (A) initiation; (B) epithelial sweeping; (C)
zippering; and (D) termination. LE, leading edge epidermis; AS, amnioserosa;
VE, ventral ectoderm. (E-H) Scanning electron micrographs of the ventral
surface of successively older C. elegans embryos similarly depicting
dorsal intercalation and the three phases of ventral enclosure: (E) dorsal
intercalation; (F) leading cell migration; (G) leading cell junction formation
and fusion; and (H) ventral pocket enclosure. Leading edge cells (LE) are
marked with an asterisk. LSH, lateral seam hypodermis; VH, ventral hypodermis.
Anterior is towards the left in all images. (A-D) Courtesy of Sarah Woolner;
(E-H) courtesy of Jim Priess.