Fig. 4. Inhibition of Bmps in explant cultures suppresses new bud formation. Lacrimal gland explants that are untreated (A,D) or treated with noggin (B,C) or follistatin (E) at 100 ng/ml. Inhibition of Bmps (B,C,E) causes a dramatic decrease in bud number and an increase in bud size. All explants are shown at the same magnification. (F) Quantification of the decrease in bud number at E17.5 + 48 hours of noggin treatment. (G) Quantification of the decrease in bud number at E16.5 + 48 hours of follistatin treatment. (H-K) Lacrimal gland explants from P6 5.0-lacZ, Bmp7^m1Rob/m1Rob mice either untreated (H,I) or treated with noggin for 48 hours (J,K). H and J are taken at t=0 hours; I and K at t=48 hours where the glands have been stained with X-gal. (L) Quantification of the decrease in bud number at E16.5 + 48 hours of noggin treatment of P6 5.0-lacZ, Bmp7^m1Rob/m1Rob lacrimal glands.