Fig. 8. CAR3-mediated cardiac expression requires the collaboration of multiple
factors. Diagram outlines three arms of BMP signaling that synergistically
activate CAR3-driven cardiac expression: SMAD nuclear localization and direct
interaction with SBE sites located in CAR3; induction of cardiac GATA
proteins; and SMAD-mediated modulation of the activity of the ubiquitously
expressed YY1 repressor/activator.