Fig. 8. Reduction in ganglion size and Th expression and increased apoptosis in sympathetic ganglia of Gata3^–/– mice. (A,B) Immunostaining for ßIII-tubulin combined with in-situ hybridisation for Sox10 reveal a reduced ganglion size in mutant (B) compared with control (A) embryos at E11.5. (C,D) Cell death analysis by TUNEL staining showing an increased number of apoptotic cells. (E) Quantification (P<0,01; n=4). (F-O) Reduction in sympathetic ganglion size and Th expression in E13.5 sympathetic ganglia of Gata3^–/– mice. In Gata3^–/– mice the sympathetic stellate ganglion (G) is strongly reduced in size compared with wild type (F), as revealed by immunostaining for Phox2b antibody. The reduction, quantified in (H) is by about 88% (P<0.001; n=4). Also at thoracic levels (I,J,L,M) a strong reduction in ganglion size is evident on Phox2b immunostains (I,J), quantified in (K) at around 60% (P<0.01; n=4). While Dbh expression was somewhat reduced (L,M), Th expression was almost undetectable in the mutants (N,O).