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Fig. 1. The early cup phenotype. (A,C) A wild-type embryo and seedling are shown for comparison. (B) Representative cup embryo, note the complete fusion between the two cotyledons. (D,E,H) Fused cotyledons can also be seen in seedlings. After a variable period of time, shoots emerge from the hypocotyl (arrow in E; magnified in F) and these shoots also develop cup-shaped tips. The emerging shoot shown in F is shown again after 1 day in G. Further shoots arise from the primary hypocotyl and from the new shoots themselves (arrow in H), to produce a small mass of abortive shoots, each topped by a single cup (H). Scale bar in C and D: 1 mm.