Fig. 1. The roxy1 phenotype. (A) Wild-type flower. (B-D) Phenotypes of roxy1-3 flowers. Petal number is reduced and the size often smaller, forming an abnormal blade and base. Arrow in D marks a filament-like stalk of a petal with a reduced blade. (E-L) SEM photographs of wild-type (E) and roxy1-3 mutant flowers (F-L) after onset of organ differentiation (stages 8-10) (Smyth et al., 1990). Sepals were partially or completely removed to reveal inner organs. Arrows indicate wild-type and abnormal petals in the second whorl between the medial (ms) and lateral (ls) stamens. Petal primordia often fail to be initiated, indicated by arrowheads (G,H). (I) roxy1-3 petal showing abnormal folding at the tip. (J) Conical cells, similar to wild-type cells, are formed in the inner petal epidermis at the tip of the folded petals. (K,L) Occasionally, roxy1-3 second whorl organs form fused (K) or filamentous structures that carry cells resembling stigmatic papillae at their tips (L). Scale bar: 50 µm.