Fig. 5. DR ligands: promoter analysis and putative roles in apoptosis and involution. (A) Comparative promoter analysis for members of the TNF superfamily of DR ligands. Promoter analysis was performed as described in Materials and methods. The open boxes are 5'UTR regions of exon1 of the respective genes; the filled boxes are translated parts of the first exons. The dotted box in the Tweak promoter represents the putative 5'UTR from the potential transcription start site identified using the Eponine program. This figure shows promoter regions spanning 1 kb upstream of the predicted transcription start sites. Previously published NF-B consensus-binding sequences are shown as filled circles: TNF (Drouet et al., 1991) and FASL (Matsui et al., 1998). The additional NF-B-binding sites shown in white circles were identified using the Matinspector program. The FOXO3a consensus sequences used were RTAAAYA (Brunet et al., 1999) or CCAAACAA and TAAAACAA (Tran et al., 2002). (B) Proposed model of IKK2 induced apoptosis during early mammary gland involution.