Fig. 8. Cul1-C75 RNA injections increase early neural crest markers. (A) Embryos were injected with 500 pg of Cul1-C75 or Cullin-1 (same phenotype, but not shown) plus the lineage tracer lacZ (light blue) into one blastomere at the two-cell stage. As a control, 500 pg lacZ RNA was injected alone. Embryos were grown to neurula stage and analysed for the early neural crest markers Sox9, Sox10, Slug and Zic3 (purple). Expression of all markers was expanded, predominantly into the anterior neural plate. In some cases, expression of Sox9 and Sox10 were reduced (not shown). Dorsal view with anterior towards the top. (B) When injections were targeted to the anterior neural plate, expression of Sox3 (a marker for proliferating neural tissue) was reduced. This was in the same region where the expansion of neural crest markers (as shown for Sox9) was seen. Dorsal view with anterior towards the top.