Fig. 3. MARCM analysis of ph, using various GAL4 drivers, before and after metamorphosis. Composite confocal images of mosaic brains examined at the wandering larval (WL) (A-H) or adult (I-P) stages. MARCM clones of wild-type or ph mutant neurons were labeled using various GAL4 drivers. (A-D,I-L) In wild type, different GAL4s permit labeling of distinct types of neurons before metamorphosis (A-D), and usually the labeling patterns are preserved at the adult stage (I-L). (E-H) Before metamorphosis, various GAL4 drivers label different clones of ph mutant neurons; distinct ph mutant clones, like their wild-type controls (A-D), acquire different characteristic projection patterns. (M-P) By contrast, at the adult stage, GAL4-OK107 (N) and GAL4-NP225 (O), like the pan-neuronal driver elav-GAL4 (M), labels many clones, while ato-GAL4 is completely suppressed (P). Moreover, without characteristic projection patterns, ph mutant clones are no longer identifiable in adult brains. Genotypes: (A,I) FRT19A/FRT19A,hs-FLP,tubP-GAL80;UAS-mCD8-GFP/+;elav-GAL4/+; (E,M) FRT19A,ph⁶⁰²/FRT19A,hs-FLP,tubP-GAL80;UAS-mCD8-GFP/+;elav-GAL4/+; (B,J) FRT19A/FRT19A,hs-FLP,tubP-GAL80;UAS-mCD8-GFP/+;GAL4-OK107/+; (F,N) FRT19A,ph⁶⁰²/FRT19A,hs-FLP,tubP-GAL80;UAS-mCD8-GFP/+;GAL4-OK107/+; (C,K) FRT19A/FRT19A,hs-FLP,tubP-GAL80;UAS-mCD8-GFP/GAL4-NP225; (G,O) FRT19A,ph⁶⁰²/FRT19A,hs-FLP,tubP-GAL80;UAS-mCD8-GFP/GAL4-NP225; (D,L) FRT19A/FRT19A,hs-FLP,tubP-GAL80;UAS-mCD8-GFP/ato-GAL4; (H,P) FRT19A,ph⁶⁰²/FRT19A,hs-FLP,tubP-GAL80;UAS-mCD8-GFP/ato-GAL4. Scale bar: 20 µm.