Fig. 2. Growth delay, craniofacial malformation and delayed bone mineralization in Icap-1-deficient mice. (A) Gross appearance of Icap-1^+/+ and Icap-1^-/- P0 littermates. Note that Icap-1^-/- mice are smaller in size than their control littermates. A subset of the Icap-1^-/- offspring has an empty stomach (arrow). (B) Growth curves of control (Icap-1^+/+ or Icap-1^+/-) versus Icap-1^-/- (male and female) offspring of two pooled representative littermates. Mice were weighed every other day over a period of 34 days. Each point represents the mean±s.d. (C) Lateral view (upper panel) or top view (lower panel) of 30-day-old wild-type and Icap-1-deficient mice. Note the abnormal shape (short nose and bulged-head) of the Icap-1-deficient skull compared with the wild type. (D) X-ray analysis of Icap-1^+/+ and Icap-1^-/- 5.5-month-old mice. Note that in the Icap-1-null mouse the skull shape is severely affected, long bones are shorter and vertebrae are only poorly ossified (arrows and insets for higher magnification). (E) Alizarin Red/Alcian Blue staining of E16.5 skeletons showing reduced Alizarin Red staining intensity of the maxilla (arrowheads), the radius and ulna of the forelimb (arrows) in Icap-1-null tissues. (F) Alizarin red/Alcian Blue skeletal staining at newborn stage. No obvious difference in staining intensity or patterning could be seen between the two genotypes.