Fig. 8. LvSnail downregulates G-cadherin expression and positively regulates its endocytosis. (A) Control embryos. (B) Embryos with ectopically expressed Pmar1 produce extra PMCs and mesenchyme extrusions. (C) Co-injection of SnaMASO rescues the Pmar1 ectopic-expression phenotype. Most co-injected embryos fail to undergo PMC ingression. (D) QPCR analysis of Pmar1- and Pmar1/SnaMASO-injected embryos. The expression of Lvsnail, Lvalx1, and Lvmsp130 is upregulated in Pmar1-injected embryos, whereas G-cadherin is significantly downregulated. The co-injection of SnaMASO rescues the reduction of cadherin expression in Pmar1-overexpressed embryos. Data are shown as net C_T±s.e.m. (E) Surface view of an embryo injected at the one- and two-cell stage as illustrated in H. The SnaMASO-injected half is shown in red. The apical localization of cadherin can be clearly observed in adherens junctions (CadTM-GFP; adherens junctions are present on the red side also but obscured in the dual image by the red dye). (F) The internal view of the same embryo as shown in E; the intracellular punctate GFP signals indicate endocytosed cadherins (arrowheads), which do not overlap with SnaMASO-injected cells (with rhodamine-dextran). (G) Another two-cell injection embryo; the punctate GFP signals (arrowheads) can be seen in PMCs. (H) Schematic of the experimental design in E-G.