Fig. 8. Tshz3 induction by BMP4. (A) Whole-mount images of E12.5 explants (each comprising a metanephros and attached ureter) cultured for 4 days in absence (left and middle panels) or in presence (right panel) of recombinant BMP4 (100 ng/ml). Ureters were immunoprobed with antibodies directed against SMAA (green) and E-cadherin (red; E-Cad) to detect SMC and epithelia, respectively. In each frame, the proximal ureter is outlined by a box; note the paucity of SMAA expression in this region in the mutants, whether or not exposed to exogenous BMP4. (B) Effects of BMP4 on gene expression in E13.5 wild-type explants cultured for 3 days in absence or presence of exogenous BMP4 (100 ng/ml). After factoring for Hprt, real-time Q-PCR revealed significant increases for Id3, Tshz3 and Myocd. Statistical analyses were performed by one-tailed paired t-tests. Expression data are represented as mean±s.e.m. with n=5 in each group.