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Figure 4


Fig. 4. Gene expression in E13.5 wild-type and Wnt5a-/- palate. (A) The anterior palate of a wild-type embryo shows Shh expression in the MEE (arrow) and rugal epithelium. (B) Shh expression becomes undetectable in the MEE but remains in the rugal epithelium (arrow) in the anterior palate of a Wnt5a mutant. (C,D) Bmp4 expression is detected in the anterior palate of a wild-type control (C), but is significantly reduced in the mutant (asterisk, D). (E,F) In the posterior palate of the control, Shh expression is detected in the rugal epithelium at the ventral (oral side) (E), whereas in the mutant, an ectopic Shh expression is found in the dorsal (nasal) epithelium (arrow) of the palate (F). (G,H) Bmp4 expression is absent in the posterior palate of the control (G), but is found ectopically in the mesenchyme of the posterior palate on the future nasal side (arrow) in the mutant (H). (I) Ptch1 expression is seen in the anterior palate of the control, mainly in the ventral (oral) side. (J) A downregulated Ptch1 is seen in the anterior palate of a Wnt5a mutant. (K,L) Msx1 expression is detected in the anterior palatal mesenchyme of a wild-type control (K), but is downregulated in the palatal mesenchyme (asterisk) adjacent to the MEE at the similar level of a mutant palate (L). (M,N) Ectopic Ptch1 expression is found in the dorsal (nasal) aspect (arrow) of the palate in the posterior region in a Wnt5a mutant (N), when compared with its normal expression in the control (M). (O,P) A downregulation of Bmp2 expression is found in the posterior palate of Wnt5a mutant (P), when compared with its normal expression pattern in the control (O). (Q) Sox9 expression in the anterior palatal mesenchyme of a control embryo. (R) A shifted Sox9 expression domain is seen in the anterior palate of a Wnt5a mutant. Broken lines in Q,R indicate the expression boundary. (S,T) Shox2 expression remains in the anterior palate of the mutant (T), when compared with that in the control (S). T, tongue; PS, palatal shelf; MNP, medial nasal process.