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Development, Vol 115, Issue 4 923-936, Copyright © 1992 by Company of Biologists
JOURNAL ARTICLES |
WE Theurkauf, S Smiley, ML Wong and BM Alberts
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0448.
Inhibitor studies have implicated microtubules in at least three important developmental processes during Drosophila oogenesis: oocyte determination and growth during stages 1 through 6, positioning of the anterior determinant bicoid mRNA during stages 9 through 12, and ooplasmic streaming during stages 10b through 12. We have used fluorescence cytochemistry together with laser scanning confocal microscopy to identify distinct microtubule structures at each of the above three periods that are likely to be involved in these processes. During stages 1 through 7, maternal components synthesized in nurse cells are transported through cytoplasmic bridges to the oocyte. At this time, microtubules that appear to originate in the oocyte pass through these cytoplasmic bridges into the adjacent nurse cells; these microtubules are likely to serve as a polarized scaffold on which maternal RNAs and proteins are transported. During stages 7 and 8, microtubules in the oocyte cortex reorganize to form an anterior-to-posterior gradient, suggesting a role for microtubules in the localization of morphogenetic determinants. Finally, when ooplasmic streaming begins during stage 10 b, it is accompanied by the assembly of subsurface microtubule arrays that spiral around the oocyte; these arrays disassemble as the oocyte matures and streaming stops. During ooplasmic streaming, many vesicles are closely associated with the subsurface microtubules, suggesting that streaming is driven by vesicle translocation along microtubules. We believe that actin plays a secondary role in each of these morphogenetic events, based on our parallel studies of actin organization during each of the above stages of oogenesis.
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V. Siegel, T. A. Jongens, L. Y. Jan, and Y. N. Jan pipsqueak, an early acting member of the posterior group of genes, affects vasa level and germ cell-somatic cell interaction in the developing egg chamber Development, December 1, 1993; 119(4): 1187 - 1202. [Abstract] [PDF]
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R L Kelley Initial organization of the Drosophila dorsoventral axis depends on an RNA-binding protein encoded by the squid gene. Genes & Dev., June 1, 1993; 7(6): 948 - 960. [Abstract] [PDF]
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J Kim-Ha, P. Webster, J. Smith, and P. Macdonald Multiple RNA regulatory elements mediate distinct steps in localization of oskar mRNA Development, January 9, 1993; 119(1): 169 - 178. [Abstract] [PDF]
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W. Theurkauf, B. Alberts, Y. Jan, and T. Jongens A central role for microtubules in the differentiation of Drosophila oocytes Development, January 8, 1993; 118(4): 1169 - 1180. [Abstract] [PDF]
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P. Macdonald, K Kerr, J. Smith, and A Leask RNA regulatory element BLE1 directs the early steps of bicoid mRNA localization Development, January 8, 1993; 118(4): 1233 - 1243. [Abstract] [PDF]
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K. Matthews, D Rees, and T. Kaufman A functionally specialized alpha-tubulin is required for oocyte meiosis and cleavage mitoses in Drosophila Development, January 3, 1993; 117(3): 977 - 991. [Abstract] [PDF]
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