Development, Vol 119, Issue 4 1301-1315, Copyright © 1993 by Company of Biologists

JOURNAL ARTICLES

The formation and maintenance of the definitive endoderm lineage in the mouse: involvement of HNF3/forkhead proteins

SL Ang, A Wierda, D Wong, KA Stevens, S Cascio, J Rossant and KS Zaret
Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.

Little is known about genes that govern the development of the definitive endoderm in mammals; this germ layer gives rise to the intestinal epithelium and various other cell types, such as hepatocytes, derived from the gut. The discovery that the rat hepatocyte transcription factor HNF3 is similar to the Drosophila forkhead gene, which plays a critical role in gut development in the fly, led us to isolate genes containing the HNF3/forkhead (HFH) domain that are expressed in mouse endoderm development. We recovered mouse HNF3 beta from an embryo cDNA library and found that the gene is first expressed in the anterior portion of the primitive streak at the onset of gastrulation, in a region where definitive endoderm first arises. Its expression persists in axial structures derived from the mouse equivalent of Hensen's node, namely definitive endoderm and notochord, and in the ventral region of the developing neural tube. Expression of the highly related gene, HNF3 alpha, appears to initiate later than HNF3 beta and is first seen in midline endoderm cells. Expression subsequently appears in notochord, ventral neural tube, and gut endoderm in patterns similar to HNF3 beta. Microscale DNA binding assays show that HNF3 proteins are detectable in the midgut at 9.5 days p.c. At later stages HNF3 mRNAs and protein are expressed strongly in endoderm-derived tissues such as the liver. HNF3 is also the only known hepatocyte-enriched transcription factor present in a highly de-differentiated liver cell line that retains the capacity to redifferentiate to the hepatic phenotype. Taken together, these studies suggest that HNF3 alpha and HNF3 beta are involved in both the initiation and maintenance of the endodermal lineage. We also discovered a novel HFH-containing gene, HFH-E5.1, that is expressed transiently in posterior ectoderm and mesoderm at the primitive streak stage, and later predominantly in the neural tube. HFH-E5.1 is highly similar in structure and expression profile to the Drosophila HFH gene FD4, suggesting that HFH family members have different, evolutionarily conserved roles in development.
CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				S. Friling, E. Andersson, L. H. Thompson, M. E. Jonsson, J. B. Hebsgaard, E. Nanou, Z. Alekseenko, U. Marklund, S. Kjellander, N. Volakakis, et al. Efficient production of mesencephalic dopamine neurons by Lmx1a expression in embryonic stem cells PNAS, May 5, 2009; 106(18): 7613 - 7618. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				I. Burtscher and H. Lickert Foxa2 regulates polarity and epithelialization in the endoderm germ layer of the mouse embryo Development, March 15, 2009; 136(6): 1029 - 1038. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. D. Wederell, M. Bilenky, R. Cullum, N. Thiessen, M. Dagpinar, A. Delaney, R. Varhol, Y. Zhao, T. Zeng, B. Bernier, et al. Global analysis of in vivo Foxa2-binding sites in mouse adult liver using massively parallel sequencing Nucleic Acids Res., August 1, 2008; 36(14): 4549 - 4564. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. M. Oliver-Krasinski and D. A. Stoffers On the origin of the {beta} cell Genes & Dev., August 1, 2008; 22(15): 1998 - 2021. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. H. Cho, N. Parashurama, E. Y. H. Park, K. Suganuma, Y. Nahmias, J. Park, A. W. Tilles, F. Berthiaume, and M. L. Yarmush Homogeneous differentiation of hepatocyte-like cells from embryonic stem cells: applications for the treatment of liver failure FASEB J, March 1, 2008; 22(3): 898 - 909. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Zhang, J. Li, Z. Tan, C. Wang, T. Liu, L. Chen, J. Yong, W. Jiang, X. Sun, L. Du, et al. Short-term BMP-4 treatment initiates mesoderm induction in human embryonic stem cells Blood, February 15, 2008; 111(4): 1933 - 1941. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. L. M. Ferri, W. Lin, Y. E. Mavromatakis, J. C. Wang, H. Sasaki, J. A. Whitsett, and S.-L. Ang Foxa1 and Foxa2 regulate multiple phases of midbrain dopaminergic neuron development in a dosage-dependent manner Development, August 1, 2007; 134(15): 2761 - 2769. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Cambray and V. Wilson Two distinct sources for a population of maturing axial progenitors Development, August 1, 2007; 134(15): 2829 - 2840. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Baroukh, M. A. Ravier, M. K. Loder, E. V. Hill, A. Bounacer, R. Scharfmann, G. A. Rutter, and E. Van Obberghen MicroRNA-124a Regulates Foxa2 Expression and Intracellular Signaling in Pancreatic {beta}-Cell Lines J. Biol. Chem., July 6, 2007; 282(27): 19575 - 19588. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Q. Guo and J. Y. H. Li Distinct functions of the major Fgf8 spliceform, Fgf8b, before and during mouse gastrulation Development, June 15, 2007; 134(12): 2251 - 2260. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Snykers, T. Vanhaecke, P. Papeleu, A. Luttun, Y. Jiang, Y. Vander Heyden, C. Verfaillie, and V. Rogiers Sequential Exposure to Cytokines Reflecting Embryogenesis: The Key for in vitro Differentiation of Adult Bone Marrow Stem Cells into Functional Hepatocyte-like Cells Toxicol. Sci., December 1, 2006; 94(2): 330 - 341. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Oliveri, K. D. Walton, E. H. Davidson, and D. R. McClay Repression of mesodermal fate by foxa, a key endoderm regulator of the sea urchin embryo Development, November 1, 2006; 133(21): 4173 - 4181. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Chazaud and J. Rossant Disruption of early proximodistal patterning and AVE formation in Apc mutants Development, September 1, 2006; 133(17): 3379 - 3387. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Willey, A. Ayuso-Sacido, H. Zhang, S. T. Fraser, K. E. Sahr, M. J. Adlam, M. Kyba, G. Q. Daley, G. Keller, and M. H. Baron Acceleration of mesoderm development and expansion of hematopoietic progenitors in differentiating ES cells by the mouse Mix-like homeodomain transcription factor Blood, April 15, 2006; 107(8): 3122 - 3130. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. Besnard, S. E. Wert, K. H. Kaestner, and J. A. Whitsett Stage-specific regulation of respiratory epithelial cell differentiation by Foxa1 Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, November 1, 2005; 289(5): L750 - L759. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Minami, M. Okuno, K. Miyawaki, A. Okumachi, K. Ishizaki, K. Oyama, M. Kawaguchi, N. Ishizuka, T. Iwanaga, and S. Seino Lineage tracing and characterization of insulin-secreting cells generated from adult pancreatic acinar cells PNAS, October 18, 2005; 102(42): 15116 - 15121. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. F. Cooper, K. P. Yu, M. Brueckner, L. L. Brailey, L. Johnson, J. M. McGrath, and A. E. Bale Cardiac and CNS defects in a mouse with targeted disruption of suppressor of fused Development, October 1, 2005; 132(19): 4407 - 4417. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Tada, T. Era, C. Furusawa, H. Sakurai, S. Nishikawa, M. Kinoshita, K. Nakao, T. Chiba, and S.-I. Nishikawa Characterization of mesendoderm: a diverging point of the definitive endoderm and mesoderm in embryonic stem cell differentiation culture Development, October 1, 2005; 132(19): 4363 - 4374. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Wan, S. Dingle, Y. Xu, V. Besnard, K. H. Kaestner, S.-L. Ang, S. Wert, M. T. Stahlman, and J. A. Whitsett Compensatory Roles of Foxa1 and Foxa2 during Lung Morphogenesis J. Biol. Chem., April 8, 2005; 280(14): 13809 - 13816. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. H. Fair, B. A. Cairns, M. A. LaPaglia, M. Caballero, W. A. Pleasant, S. Hatada, H.-s. Kim, T. Gui, L. Pevny, A. A. Meyer, et al. Correction of factor IX deficiency in mice by embryonic stem cells differentiated in vitro PNAS, February 22, 2005; 102(8): 2958 - 2963. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Chiao, J. Leonard, K. Dickinson, and J. C. Baker High-throughput functional screen of mouse gastrula cDNA libraries reveals new components of endoderm and mesoderm specification Genome Res., January 1, 2005; 15(1): 44 - 53. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. E. Serls, S. Doherty, P. Parvatiyar, J. M. Wells, and G. H. Deutsch Different thresholds of fibroblast growth factors pattern the ventral foregut into liver and lung Development, January 1, 2005; 132(1): 35 - 47. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Long and B. T. Spear FoxA Proteins Regulate H19 Endoderm Enhancer E1 and Exhibit Developmental Changes in Enhancer Binding In Vivo Mol. Cell. Biol., November 1, 2004; 24(21): 9601 - 9609. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Wan, Y. Xu, M. Ikegami, M. T. Stahlman, K. H. Kaestner, S.-L. Ang, and J. A. Whitsett Foxa2 is required for transition to air breathing at birth PNAS, October 5, 2004; 101(40): 14449 - 14454. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Behr, J. Brestelli, J. T. Fulmer, N. Miyawaki, T. R. Kleyman, and K. H. Kaestner Mild Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus Caused by Foxa1 Deficiency J. Biol. Chem., October 1, 2004; 279(40): 41936 - 41941. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Sinner, S. Rankin, M. Lee, and A. M. Zorn Sox17 and {beta}-catenin cooperate to regulate the transcription of endodermal genes Development, July 1, 2004; 131(13): 3069 - 3080. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				O. G. Kelly, K. I. Pinson, and W. C. Skarnes The Wnt co-receptors Lrp5 and Lrp6 are essential for gastrulation in mice Development, June 15, 2004; 131(12): 2803 - 2815. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. Gao, H. Y. Shi, C. Daughty, N. Cella, and M. Zhang Maspin plays an essential role in early embryonic development Development, April 1, 2004; 131(7): 1479 - 1489. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Kubo, K. Shinozaki, J. M. Shannon, V. Kouskoff, M. Kennedy, S. Woo, H. J. Fehling, and G. Keller Development of definitive endoderm from embryonic stem cells in culture Development, April 1, 2004; 131(7): 1651 - 1662. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M.-H. Chen, Y.-J. Li, T. Kawakami, S.-M. Xu, and P.-T. Chuang Palmitoylation is required for the production of a soluble multimeric Hedgehog protein complex and long-range signaling in vertebrates Genes & Dev., March 15, 2004; 18(6): 641 - 659. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Wan, K. H. Kaestner, S.-L. Ang, M. Ikegami, F. D. Finkelman, M. T. Stahlman, P. C. Fulkerson, M. E. Rothenberg, and J. A. Whitsett Foxa2 regulates alveolarization and goblet cell hyperplasia Development, February 15, 2004; 131(4): 953 - 964. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Yoshitomi and K. S. Zaret Endothelial cell interactions initiate dorsal pancreas development by selectively inducing the transcription factor Ptf1a Development, February 15, 2004; 131(4): 807 - 817. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Bort, J. P. Martinez-Barbera, R. S. P. Beddington, and K. S. Zaret Hex homeobox gene-dependent tissue positioning is required for organogenesis of the ventral pancreas Development, February 15, 2004; 131(4): 797 - 806. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. A. DeYoung, J. C. Baker, D. Cado, and A. Winoto The Orphan Steroid Receptor Nur77 Family Member Nor-1 Is Essential for Early Mouse Embryogenesis J. Biol. Chem., November 21, 2003; 278(47): 47104 - 47109. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. N. Cassel and M. Nord C/EBP transcription factors in the lung epithelium Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, October 1, 2003; 285(4): L773 - L781. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A E Bonner, W J Lemon, and M You Gene expression signatures identify novel regulatory pathways during murine lung development: implications for lung tumorigenesis J. Med. Genet., June 1, 2003; 40(6): 408 - 417. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. Chen, Y. Liang, W. Deng, K. Shimizu, A. M. Ashique, E. Li, and Y.-P. Li The zinc-finger protein CNBP is required for forebrain formation in the mouse Development, April 1, 2003; 130(7): 1367 - 1379. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Abu-Abed, P. Dolle, D. Metzger, C. Wood, G. MacLean, P. Chambon, and M. Petkovich Developing with lethal RA levels: genetic ablation of Rarg can restore the viability of mice lacking Cyp26a1 Development, April 1, 2003; 130(7): 1449 - 1459. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Kanai-Azuma, Y. Kanai, J. M. Gad, Y. Tajima, C. Taya, M. Kurohmaru, Y. Sanai, H. Yonekawa, K. Yazaki, P. P. L. Tam, et al. Depletion of definitive gut endoderm in Sox17-null mutant mice Development, March 7, 2003; 129(10): 2367 - 2379. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. K. H. Przemeck, U. Heinzmann, J. Beckers, and M. Hrabe de Angelis Node and midline defects are associated with left-right development in Delta1 mutant embryos Development, January 1, 2003; 130(1): 3 - 13. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Lin, C. T. Miller, J. I. Contreras, M. S. Prescott, S. L. Dagenais, R. Wu, J. Yee, M. B. Orringer, D. E. Misek, S. M. Hanash, et al. The Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3 {alpha} Gene, HNF3{alpha} (FOXA1), on Chromosome Band 14q13 Is Amplified and Overexpressed in Esophageal and Lung Adenocarcinomas Cancer Res., September 15, 2002; 62(18): 5273 - 5279. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. Demayo, P. Minoo, C. G. Plopper, L. Schuger, J. Shannon, and J. S. Torday Mesenchymal-epithelial interactions in lung development and repair: are modeling and remodeling the same process? Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, September 1, 2002; 283(3): L510 - L517. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. H. Hart, L. Hartley, K. Sourris, E. S. Stadler, R. Li, E. G. Stanley, P. P. L. Tam, A. G. Elefanty, and L. Robb Mixl1 is required for axial mesendoderm morphogenesis and patterning in the murine embryo Development, August 1, 2002; 129(15): 3597 - 3608. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. A. Lines, K. Kozlowski, and M. A. Walter Molecular genetics of Axenfeld-Rieger malformations Hum. Mol. Genet., May 15, 2002; 11(10): 1177 - 1187. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Y.R. Stainier A glimpse into the molecular entrails of endoderm formation Genes & Dev., April 15, 2002; 16(8): 893 - 907. [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. R. Gauthier, V. M. Schwitzgebel, M. Zaiko, A. Mamin, B. Ritz-Laser, and J. Philippe Hepatic Nuclear Factor-3 (HNF-3 or Foxa2) Regulates Glucagon Gene Transcription by Binding to the G1 and G2 Promoter Elements Mol. Endocrinol., January 1, 2002; 16(1): 170 - 183. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Z. Sun and N. Hopkins vhnf1, the MODY5 and familial GCKD-associated gene, regulates regional specification of the zebrafish gut, pronephros, and hindbrain Genes & Dev., December 1, 2001; 15(23): 3217 - 3229. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. Shen, L. M. Scearce, J. E. Brestelli, N. J. Sund, and K. H. Kaestner Foxa3 (Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3gamma ) Is Required for the Regulation of Hepatic GLUT2 Expression and the Maintenance of Glucose Homeostasis during a Prolonged Fast J. Biol. Chem., November 9, 2001; 276(46): 42812 - 42817. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Bailly, M. E. Torres-Padilla, A. P. Tinel, and M. C. Weiss An enhancer element 6 kb upstream of the mouse HNF4{alpha}1 promoter is activated by glucocorticoids and liver-enriched transcription factors Nucleic Acids Res., September 1, 2001; 29(17): 3495 - 3505. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. A. Duncan and A. J. Watt BMPs on the road to hepatogenesis Genes & Dev., August 1, 2001; 15(15): 1879 - 1884. [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. J. Sund, M. Z. Vatamaniuk, M. Casey, S.-L. Ang, M. A. Magnuson, D. A. Stoffers, F. M. Matschinsky, and K. H. Kaestner Tissue-specific deletion of Foxa2 in pancreatic {beta} cells results in hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia Genes & Dev., July 1, 2001; 15(13): 1706 - 1715. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. A. Hoodless, M. Pye, C. Chazaud, E. Labbé, L. Attisano, J. Rossant, and J. L. Wrana FoxH1 (Fast) functions to specify the anterior primitive streak in the mouse Genes & Dev., May 15, 2001; 15(10): 1257 - 1271. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				R. H. Costa, V. V. Kalinichenko, and L. Lim Transcription factors in mouse lung development and function Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, May 1, 2001; 280(5): L823 - L838. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. C.-K. Chung, D. Katz, F. A. Pereira, K. J. Jackson, F. J. DeMayo, A. J. Cooney, and B. W. O'Malley Loss of Orphan Receptor Germ Cell Nuclear Factor Function Results in Ectopic Development of the Tail Bud and a Novel Posterior Truncation Mol. Cell. Biol., January 15, 2001; 21(2): 663 - 677. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				Y Xue, X Wang, Z Li, N Gotoh, D Chapman, and E. Skolnik Mesodermal patterning defect in mice lacking the Ste20 NCK interacting kinase (NIK) Development, January 5, 2001; 128(9): 1559 - 1572. [Abstract] [PDF]

				G Deutsch, J Jung, M Zheng, J Lora, and K. Zaret A bipotential precursor population for pancreas and liver within the embryonic endoderm Development, January 3, 2001; 128(6): 871 - 881. [Abstract] [PDF]

				F. M. Rausa, Y. Tan, H. Zhou, K. W. Yoo, D. B. Stolz, S. C. Watkins, R. R. Franks, T. G. Unterman, and R. H. Costa Elevated Levels of Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3beta in Mouse Hepatocytes Influence Expression of Genes Involved in Bile Acid and Glucose Homeostasis Mol. Cell. Biol., November 1, 2000; 20(21): 8264 - 8282. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				N. J. Sund, S.-L. Ang, S. D. Sackett, W. Shen, N. Daigle, M. A. Magnuson, and K. H. Kaestner Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3beta (Foxa2) Is Dispensable for Maintaining the Differentiated State of the Adult Hepatocyte Mol. Cell. Biol., July 15, 2000; 20(14): 5175 - 5183. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				D. C. Goldman, G. R. Martin, and P. P. Tam Fate and function of the ventral ectodermal ridge during mouse tail development Development, May 15, 2000; 127(10): 2113 - 2123. [Abstract] [PDF]

				S. A. Shoichet, T. H. Malik, J. H. Rothman, and R. A. Shivdasani Action of the Caenorhabditis elegans GATA factor END-1 in Xenopus suggests that similar mechanisms initiate endoderm development in ecdysozoa and vertebrates PNAS, April 11, 2000; 97(8): 4076 - 4081. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Kume, K. Deng, and B. L. M. Hogan Minimal Phenotype of Mice Homozygous for a Null Mutation in the Forkhead/Winged Helix Gene, Mf2 Mol. Cell. Biol., February 15, 2000; 20(4): 1419 - 1425. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				J. Li, G. Ning, and S. A. Duncan Mammalian hepatocyte differentiation requires the transcription factor HNF-4alpha Genes & Dev., February 15, 2000; 14(4): 464 - 474. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				K. Gerrish, M. Gannon, D. Shih, E. Henderson, M. Stoffel, C. V. E. Wright, and R. Stein Pancreatic beta Cell-specific Transcription of the pdx-1 Gene. THE ROLE OF CONSERVED UPSTREAM CONTROL REGIONS AND THEIR HEPATIC NUCLEAR FACTOR 3beta SITES J. Biol. Chem., February 4, 2000; 275(5): 3485 - 3492. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P Bossard and K. Zaret Repressive and restrictive mesodermal interactions with gut endoderm: possible relation to Meckel's Diverticulum Development, January 11, 2000; 127(22): 4915 - 4923. [Abstract] [PDF]

				J. Martinez Barbera, M Clements, P Thomas, T Rodriguez, D Meloy, D Kioussis, and R. Beddington The homeobox gene Hex is required in definitive endodermal tissues for normal forebrain, liver and thyroid formation Development, January 6, 2000; 127(11): 2433 - 2445. [Abstract] [PDF]

				G Alvarez-Bolado, X Zhou, A. Voss, T Thomas, and P Gruss Winged helix transcription factor Foxb1 is essential for access of mammillothalamic axons to the thalamus Development, January 3, 2000; 127(5): 1029 - 1038. [Abstract] [PDF]

				X. Sun, E. N. Meyers, M. Lewandoski, and G. R. Martin Targeted disruption of Fgf8 causes failure of cell migration in the gastrulating mouse embryo Genes & Dev., July 15, 1999; 13(14): 1834 - 1846. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				K. H. Kaestner, J. Katz, Y. Liu, D. J. Drucker, and G. Schütz Inactivation of the winged helix transcription factor HNF3alpha affects glucose homeostasis and islet glucagon gene expression in vivo Genes & Dev., February 15, 1999; 13(4): 495 - 504. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				K. C. Lee, A. J. Crowe, and M. C. Barton p53-Mediated Repression of Alpha-Fetoprotein Gene Expression by Specific DNA Binding Mol. Cell. Biol., February 1, 1999; 19(2): 1279 - 1288. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F Ristoratore, A Spagnuolo, F Aniello, M Branno, F Fabbrini, and R Di Lauro Expression and functional analysis of Cititf1, an ascidian NK-2 class gene, suggest its role in endoderm development Development, January 11, 1999; 126(22): 5149 - 5159. [Abstract] [PDF]

				A. Rowan, C. Stern, and K. Storey Axial mesendoderm refines rostrocaudal pattern in the chick nervous system Development, January 7, 1999; 126(13): 2921 - 2934. [Abstract] [PDF]

				H Chang, D Huylebroeck, K Verschueren, Q Guo, M. Matzuk, and A Zwijsen Smad5 knockout mice die at mid-gestation due to multiple embryonic and extraembryonic defects Development, January 4, 1999; 126(8): 1631 - 1642. [Abstract] [PDF]

				R. Warga and C Nusslein-Volhard Origin and development of the zebrafish endoderm Development, January 2, 1999; 126(4): 827 - 838. [Abstract] [PDF]

				A. Cederberg, M. Hulander, P. Carlsson, and S. Enerback The Kidney-expressed Winged Helix Transcription Factor FREAC-4 Is Regulated by Ets-1. A POSSIBLE ROLE IN KIDNEY DEVELOPMENT J. Biol. Chem., January 1, 1999; 274(1): 165 - 169. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Epstein, A. McMahon, and A. Joyner Regionalization of Sonic hedgehog transcription along the anteroposterior axis of the mouse central nervous system is regulated by Hnf3-dependent and -independent mechanisms Development, January 1, 1999; 126(2): 281 - 292. [Abstract] [PDF]

				D. M. Dean, R. R. Berger, and M. M. Sanders A Winged-Helix Family Member Is Involved in a Steroid Hormone-Triggered Regulatory Circuit Endocrinology, December 1, 1998; 139(12): 4967 - 4975. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Skala, A. Porteu, M. Thomas, M.-F. Szajnert, H. Okazawa, A. Kahn, and F. Phan-Dinh-Tuy Upstream Elements Involved in Vivo in Activation of the Brain-specific Rat Aldolase C Gene. ROLE OF BINDING SITES FOR POU AND WINGED HELIX PROTEINS J. Biol. Chem., November 27, 1998; 273(48): 31806 - 31814. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. T. Stahlman, M. E. Gray, and J. A. Whitsett Temporal–Spatial Distribution of Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor-3ß in Developing Human Lung and Other Foregut Derivatives J. Histochem. Cytochem., August 1, 1998; 46(8): 955 - 962. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				K. H. Kaestner, H. Hiemisch, and G. Schütz Targeted Disruption of the Gene Encoding Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3gamma Results in Reduced Transcription of Hepatocyte-Specific Genes Mol. Cell. Biol., July 1, 1998; 18(7): 4245 - 4251. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				H. Oguchi and S. Kimura Multiple Transcripts Encoded by the Thyroid-Specific Enhancer-Binding Protein (T/EBP)/Thyroid-Specific Transcription Factor-1 (TTF-1) Gene: Evidence of Autoregulation Endocrinology, April 1, 1998; 139(4): 1999 - 2006. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. WHITSETT and M. T. STAHLMAN Impact of Advances in Physiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Biology on Pulmonary Disease in Neonates Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., April 1, 1998; 157(4): S67 - S71. [Full Text] [PDF]

				P Bossard and K. Zaret GATA transcription factors as potentiators of gut endoderm differentiation Development, January 12, 1998; 125(24): 4909 - 4917. [Abstract] [PDF]

				D Dufort, L Schwartz, K Harpal, and J Rossant The transcription factor HNF3beta is required in visceral endoderm for normal primitive streak morphogenesis Development, January 8, 1998; 125(16): 3015 - 3025. [Abstract] [PDF]

				J. Kalb, K. Lau, B Goszczynski, T Fukushige, D Moons, P. Okkema, and J. McGhee pha-4 is Ce-fkh-1, a fork head/HNF-3alpha,beta,gamma homolog that functions in organogenesis of the C. elegans pharynx Development, January 6, 1998; 125(12): 2171 - 2180. [Abstract] [PDF]

				P. Thomas, A Brown, and R. Beddington Hex: a homeobox gene revealing peri-implantation asymmetry in the mouse embryo and an early transient marker of endothelial cell precursors Development, January 1, 1998; 125(1): 85 - 94. [Abstract] [PDF]

				C. Croniger, M. Trus, K. Lysek-Stupp, H. Cohen, Y. Liu, G. J. Darlington, V. Poli, R. W. Hanson, and L. Reshef Role of the Isoforms of CCAAT/Enhancer-binding Protein in the Initiation of Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP) Gene Transcription at Birth J. Biol. Chem., October 17, 1997; 272(42): 26306 - 26312. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. G. Overdier, H. Ye, R. S. Peterson, D. E. Clevidence, and R. H. Costa The Winged Helix Transcriptional Activator HFH-3 Is Expressed in the Distal Tubules of Embryonic and Adult Mouse Kidney J. Biol. Chem., May 23, 1997; 272(21): 13725 - 13730. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J D Molkentin, Q Lin, S A Duncan, and E N Olson Requirement of the transcription factor GATA4 for heart tube formation and ventral morphogenesis. Genes & Dev., April 15, 1997; 11(8): 1061 - 1072. [Abstract] [PDF]

				L. Lim, H. Zhou, and R. H. Costa The winged helix transcription factor HFH-4 is expressed during choroid plexus epithelial development in the mouse embryo PNAS, April 1, 1997; 94(7): 3094 - 3099. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R Wehr, A Mansouri, T de Maeyer, and P Gruss Fkh5-deficient mice show dysgenesis in the caudal midbrain and hypothalamic mammillary body Development, January 11, 1997; 124(22): 4447 - 4456. [Abstract] [PDF]

				H Popperl, C Schmidt, V Wilson, C. Hume, J Dodd, R Krumlauf, and R. Beddington Misexpression of Cwnt8C in the mouse induces an ectopic embryonic axis and causes a truncation of the anterior neuroectoderm Development, January 8, 1997; 124(15): 2997 - 3005. [Abstract] [PDF]

				J Lee, K. Platt, P Censullo, and A Ruiz i Altaba Gli1 is a target of Sonic hedgehog that induces ventral neural tube development Development, January 7, 1997; 124(13): 2537 - 2552. [Abstract] [PDF]

				S Filosa, J. Rivera-Perez, A. Gomez, A Gansmuller, H Sasaki, R. Behringer, and S. Ang Goosecoid and HNF-3beta genetically interact to regulate neural tube patterning during mouse embryogenesis Development, January 7, 1997; 124(14): 2843 - 2854. [Abstract] [PDF]

				P. Labosky, G. Winnier, T. Jetton, L Hargett, A. Ryan, M. Rosenfeld, A. Parlow, and B. Hogan The winged helix gene, Mf3, is required for normal development of the diencephalon and midbrain, postnatal growth and the milk-ejection reflex Development, January 4, 1997; 124(7): 1263 - 1274. [Abstract] [PDF]

				H Sasaki, C Hui, M Nakafuku, and H Kondoh A binding site for Gli proteins is essential for HNF-3beta floor plate enhancer activity in transgenics and can respond to Shh in vitro Development, January 4, 1997; 124(7): 1313 - 1322. [Abstract] [PDF]

				P.C. Denny, W.D. Ball, and R.S. Redman Salivary Glands: A Paradigm for Diversity of Gland Development Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine, January 1, 1997; 8(1): 51 - 75. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Schier, S. Neuhauss, K. Helde, W. Talbot, and W Driever The one-eyed pinhead gene functions in mesoderm and endoderm formation in zebrafish and interacts with no tail Development, January 1, 1997; 124(2): 327 - 342. [Abstract] [PDF]

				M. Shen, H Wang, and P Leder A differential display strategy identifies Cryptic, a novel EGF-related gene expressed in the axial and lateral mesoderm during mouse gastrulation Development, January 1, 1997; 124(2): 429 - 442. [Abstract] [PDF]

				M. J. Kosovsky, B. Huan, and A. Siddiqui Purification and Properties of Rat Liver Nuclear Proteins That Interact with the Hepatitis B Virus Enhancer 1 J. Biol. Chem., September 6, 1996; 271(36): 21859 - 21869. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]