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Development, Vol 120, Issue 11 3339-3353, Copyright © 1994 by Company of Biologists
JOURNAL ARTICLES |
DT Chang, A Lopez, DP von Kessler, C Chiang, BK Simandl, R Zhao, MF Seldin, JF Fallon and PA Beachy
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
The hedgehog (hh) segmentation gene of Drosophila melanogaster encodes a secreted signaling protein that functions in the patterning of larval and adult structures. Using low stringency hybridization and degenerate PCR primers, we have isolated complete or partial hh-like sequences from a range of invertebrate species including other insects, leech and sea urchin. We have also isolated three mouse and two human DNA fragments encoding distinct hh-like sequences. Our studies have focused upon Hhg-1, a mouse gene encoding a protein with 46% amino acid identity to hh. The Hhg-1 gene, which corresponds to the previously described vhh-1 or sonic class, is expressed in the notochord, ventral neural tube, lung bud, hindgut and posterior margin of the limb bud in developing mouse embryos. By segregation analysis the Hhg-1 gene has been localized to a region in proximal chromosome 5, where two mutations affecting mouse limb development previously have been mapped. In Drosophila embryos, ubiquitous expression of the Hhg-1 gene yields effects upon gene expression and cuticle pattern similar to those observed for the Drosophila hh gene. We also find that cultured quail cells transfected with a Hhg-1 expression construct can induce digit duplications when grafted to anterior or mid-distal but not posterior borders within the developing chick limb; more proximal limb element duplications are induced exclusively by mid-distal grafts. Both in transgenic Drosophila embryos and in transfected quail cells, the Hhg-1 protein product is cleaved to yield two stable fragments from a single larger precursor. The significance of Hhg-1 genetic linkage, patterning activity and proteolytic processing in Drosophila and chick embryos is discussed.
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S. Ekker, L. McGrew, C. Lai, J. Lee, D. von Kessler, R. Moon, and P. Beachy Distinct expression and shared activities of members of the hedgehog gene family of Xenopus laevis Development, January 8, 1995; 121(8): 2337 - 2347. [Abstract] [PDF]
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C. Lai, S. Ekker, P. Beachy, and R. Moon Patterning of the neural ectoderm of Xenopus laevis by the amino-terminal product of hedgehog autoproteolytic cleavage Development, January 8, 1995; 121(8): 2349 - 2360. [Abstract] [PDF]
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E Marti, R Takada, D. Bumcrot, H Sasaki, and A. McMahon Distribution of Sonic hedgehog peptides in the developing chick and mouse embryo Development, January 8, 1995; 121(8): 2537 - 2547. [Abstract] [PDF]
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