spacer gif spacer gif spacer gif spacer gif spacer gif
 QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


spacer gif
     Home     Help     Feedback     Subscriptions     Archive     Search     Table of Contents    


This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow References
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Soudais, C.
Right arrow Articles by Wilson, D. B.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Soudais, C.
Right arrow Articles by Wilson, D. B.
Social Bookmarking
 Add to CiteULike   Add to Complore   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati   Add to Twitter  
What's this?

Development, Vol 121, Issue 11 3877-3888, Copyright © 1995 by Company of Biologists


JOURNAL ARTICLES

Targeted mutagenesis of the transcription factor GATA-4 gene in mouse embryonic stem cells disrupts visceral endoderm differentiation in vitro

C Soudais, M Bielinska, M Heikinheimo, CA MacArthur, N Narita, JE Saffitz, MC Simon, JM Leiden and DB Wilson
Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Chicago School of Medicine, IL, USA.

Transcription factor GATA-4 belongs to a family of zinc finger proteins involved in lineage determination. GATA-4 is first expressed in yolk sac endoderm of the developing mouse and later in cardiac tissue, gut epithelium and gonads. To delineate the role of this transcription factor in differentiation and early development, we studied embryoid bodies derived from mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells in which both copies of the Gata-4 gene were disrupted. Light and electron microscopy demonstrated that embryoid bodies formed from wild-type and heterozygous deficient ES cells were covered with a layer of visceral yolk sac endoderm, whereas no yolk sac endoderm was evident on the surface of the homozygous deficient embryoid bodies. Independently selected homozygous deficient cell lines displayed this distinctive phenotype, suggesting that it was not an artifact of clonal variation. Biochemical markers of visceral endoderm formation, such as alpha-feto-protein, hepatocyte nuclear factor-4 and binding sites for Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, were absent from the homozygous deficient embryoid bodies. Examination of other differentiation markers in the mutant embryoid bodies, studies of ES cell-derived teratocarcinomas and chimeric mouse analysis demonstrated that GATA-4-deficient ES cells have the capacity to differentiate along other lineages. We conclude that, under in vitro conditions, disruption of the Gata-4 gene results in a specific block in visceral endoderm formation. These homozygous deficient cells should yield insights into the regulation of yolk sac endoderm development and the factors expressed by visceral endoderm that influence differentiation of adjoining ectoderm/mesoderm.
Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Complore Complore   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us   Add to Digg Digg   Add to Reddit Reddit   Add to Technorati Technorati   Add to Twitter Twitter    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
J. Biol. Chem.Home page
H. Song, J.-i. Suehiro, Y. Kanki, Y. Kawai, K. Inoue, H. Daida, K. Yano, T. Ohhashi, P. Oettgen, W. C. Aird, et al.
Critical Role for GATA3 in Mediating Tie2 Expression and Function in Large Vessel Endothelial Cells
J. Biol. Chem., October 16, 2009; 284(42): 29109 - 29124.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J Mol EndocrinolHome page
B. Thurisch, S. Y Liang, N. Sarioglu, L. Schomburg, J. Bungert, and C. Dame
Transgenic mice expressing small interfering RNA against Gata4 point to a crucial role of Gata4 in the heart and gonads
J. Mol. Endocrinol., October 1, 2009; 43(4): 157 - 169.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
EndocrinologyHome page
Y. Shi, M. D. Schonemann, and S. H. Mellon
Regulation of P450c17 Expression in the Early Embryo Depends on GATA Factors
Endocrinology, February 1, 2009; 150(2): 946 - 956.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Cell Sci.Home page
J. Liu, X. He, S. A. Corbett, S. F. Lowry, A. M. Graham, R. Fassler, and S. Li
Integrins are required for the differentiation of visceral endoderm
J. Cell Sci., January 15, 2009; 122(2): 233 - 242.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Cell Sci.Home page
M. Shimoda, M. Kanai-Azuma, K. Hara, S. Miyazaki, Y. Kanai, M. Monden, and J.-i. Miyazaki
Sox17 plays a substantial role in late-stage differentiation of the extraembryonic endoderm in vitro
J. Cell Sci., November 1, 2007; 120(21): 3859 - 3869.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Mol. Cell. Biol.Home page
K. Sumi, T. Tanaka, A. Uchida, K. Magoori, Y. Urashima, R. Ohashi, H. Ohguchi, M. Okamura, H. Kudo, K. Daigo, et al.
Cooperative Interaction between Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4{alpha} and GATA Transcription Factors Regulates ATP-Binding Cassette Sterol Transporters ABCG5 and ABCG8
Mol. Cell. Biol., June 15, 2007; 27(12): 4248 - 4260.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol.Home page
N. S. Belaguli, M. Zhang, M. Rigi, M. Aftab, and D. H. Berger
Cooperation between GATA4 and TGF-beta signaling regulates intestinal epithelial gene expression
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, June 1, 2007; 292(6): G1520 - G1533.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Genes Dev.Home page
G. Keller
Embryonic stem cell differentiation: emergence of a new era in biology and medicine
Genes & Dev., May 15, 2005; 19(10): 1129 - 1155.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Mol. Endocrinol.Home page
B. Ritz-Laser, A. Mamin, T. Brun, I. Avril, V. M. Schwitzgebel, and J. Philippe
The Zinc Finger-Containing Transcription Factor Gata-4 Is Expressed in the Developing Endocrine Pancreas and Activates Glucagon Gene Expression
Mol. Endocrinol., March 1, 2005; 19(3): 759 - 770.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
B. A. Afouda, A. Ciau-Uitz, and R. Patient
GATA4, 5 and 6 mediate TGF{beta} maintenance of endodermal gene expression in Xenopus embryos
Development, February 15, 2005; 132(4): 763 - 774.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Mol. Cell. Biol.Home page
S. Futaki, Y. Hayashi, T. Emoto, C. N. Weber, and K. Sekiguchi
Sox7 Plays Crucial Roles in Parietal Endoderm Differentiation in F9 Embryonal Carcinoma Cells through Regulating Gata-4 and Gata-6 Expression
Mol. Cell. Biol., December 1, 2004; 24(23): 10492 - 10503.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
GENES CELLSHome page
K. Asahina, H. Fujimori, K. Shimizu-Saito, Y. Kumashiro, K. Okamura, Y. Tanaka, K. Teramoto, S. Arii, and H. Teraoka
Expression of the liver-specific gene Cyp7a1 reveals hepatic differentiation in embryoid bodies derived from mouse embryonic stem cells
Genes Cells, December 1, 2004; 9(12): 1297 - 1308.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Cell Sci.Home page
L. Guillemot, E. Hammar, C. Kaister, J. Ritz, D. Caille, L. Jond, C. Bauer, P. Meda, and S. Citi
Disruption of the cingulin gene does not prevent tight junction formation but alters gene expression
J. Cell Sci., October 15, 2004; 117(22): 5245 - 5256.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
A. J. Watt, M. A. Battle, J. Li, and S. A. Duncan
GATA4 is essential for formation of the proepicardium and regulates cardiogenesis
PNAS, August 24, 2004; 101(34): 12573 - 12578.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Cardiovasc ResHome page
S. Pikkarainen, H. Tokola, R. Kerkela, and H. Ruskoaho
GATA transcription factors in the developing and adult heart
Cardiovasc Res, August 1, 2004; 63(2): 196 - 207.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Biol. Chem.Home page
A. Murakami, H. Shen, S. Ishida, and C. Dickson
SOX7 and GATA-4 Are Competitive Activators of Fgf-3 Transcription
J. Biol. Chem., July 2, 2004; 279(27): 28564 - 28573.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Biol. Chem.Home page
P. Xu, K. Yoshioka, D. Yoshimura, Y. Tominaga, T. Nishioka, M. Ito, and Y. Nakabeppu
In Vitro Development of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Lacking JNK/Stress-activated Protein Kinase-associated Protein 1 (JSAP1) Scaffold Protein Revealed Its Requirement during Early Embryonic Neurogenesis
J. Biol. Chem., November 28, 2003; 278(48): 48422 - 48433.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Cancer Res.Home page
C. D. Capo-chichi, I. H. Roland, L. Vanderveer, R. Bao, T. Yamagata, H. Hirai, C. Cohen, T. C. Hamilton, A. K. Godwin, and X.-X. Xu
Anomalous Expression of Epithelial Differentiation-determining GATA Factors in Ovarian Tumorigenesis
Cancer Res., August 15, 2003; 63(16): 4967 - 4977.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol.Home page
M. R. Dusing, E. A. Florence, and D. A. Wiginton
High-level activation by a duodenum-specific enhancer requires functional GATA binding sites
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, June 1, 2003; 284(6): G1053 - G1065.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Mol. Cell. Biol.Home page
T. Yanazume, K. Hasegawa, T. Morimoto, T. Kawamura, H. Wada, A. Matsumori, Y. Kawase, M. Hirai, and T. Kita
Cardiac p300 Is Involved in Myocyte Growth with Decompensated Heart Failure
Mol. Cell. Biol., May 15, 2003; 23(10): 3593 - 3606.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Mol. Endocrinol.Home page
C. G. Kelley, M. L. Givens, N. Rave-Harel, S. B. Nelson, S. Anderson, and P. L. Mellon
Neuron-Restricted Expression of the Rat Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Gene Is Conferred by a Cell-Specific Protein Complex that Binds Repeated CAATT Elements
Mol. Endocrinol., November 1, 2002; 16(11): 2413 - 2425.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
H. Yang, M. M. Lu, L. Zhang, J. A. Whitsett, and E. E. Morrisey
GATA6 regulates differentiation of distal lung epithelium
Development, January 5, 2002; 129(9): 2233 - 2246.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
M. Kobayashi, K. Nishikawa, and M. Yamamoto
Hematopoietic regulatory domain of gata1 gene is positively regulated by GATA1 protein in zebrafish embryos
Development, June 15, 2001; 128(12): 2341 - 2350.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
BloodHome page
H. Gazda, J. M. Lipton, T.-N. Willig, S. Ball, C. M. Niemeyer, G. Tchernia, N. Mohandas, M. J. Daly, A. Ploszynska, K. A. Orfali, et al.
Evidence for linkage of familial Diamond-Blackfan anemia to chromosome 8p23.3-p22 and for non-19q non-8p disease
Blood, April 1, 2001; 97(7): 2145 - 2150.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Cell Sci.Home page
P Murray and D Edgar
Regulation of the differentiation and behaviour of extra-embryonic endodermal cells by basement membranes
J. Cell Sci., January 3, 2001; 114(5): 931 - 939.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol.Home page
R. Fang, L. C. Olds, N. A. Santiago, and E. Sibley
GATA family transcription factors activate lactase gene promoter in intestinal Caco-2 cells
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, January 1, 2001; 280(1): G58 - G67.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
I. Ketola, V. Pentikäinen, T. Vaskivuo, V. Ilvesmäki, R. Herva, L. Dunkel, J. S. Tapanainen, J. Toppari, and M. Heikinheimo
Expression of Transcription Factor GATA-4 during Human Testicular Development and Disease
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., October 1, 2000; 85(10): 3925 - 3931.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


Home page
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
S. A. Shoichet, T. H. Malik, J. H. Rothman, and R. A. Shivdasani
Action of the Caenorhabditis elegans GATA factor END-1 in Xenopus suggests that similar mechanisms initiate endoderm development in ecdysozoa and vertebrates
PNAS, April 11, 2000; 97(8): 4076 - 4081.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
H Weber, C. Symes, M. Walmsley, A. Rodaway, and R. Patient
A role for GATA5 in Xenopus endoderm specification
Development, January 10, 2000; 127(20): 4345 - 4360.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
J. Cell Sci.Home page
J Lake, J Rathjen, J Remiszewski, and P. Rathjen
Reversible programming of pluripotent cell differentiation
J. Cell Sci., January 2, 2000; 113(3): 555 - 566.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
Am. J. Pathol.Home page
S. Siltanen, M. Anttonen, P. Heikkila, N. Narita, M. Laitinen, O. Ritvos, D. B. Wilson, and M. Heikinheimo
Transcription Factor GATA-4 Is Expressed in Pediatric Yolk Sac Tumors
Am. J. Pathol., December 1, 1999; 155(6): 1823 - 1829.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Biol. Chem.Home page
L. H. Moilanen, T. Fukushige, and J. H. Freedman
Regulation of Metallothionein Gene Transcription. IDENTIFICATION OF UPSTREAM REGULATORY ELEMENTS AND TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR CELL-SPECIFIC EXPRESSION OF THE METALLOTHIONEIN GENES FROM CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS
J. Biol. Chem., October 15, 1999; 274(42): 29655 - 29665.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Biol. Chem.Home page
A. Murakami, J. Thurlow, and C. Dickson
Retinoic Acid-regulated Expression of Fibroblast Growth Factor 3 Requires the Interaction between a Novel Transcription Factor and GATA-4
J. Biol. Chem., June 11, 1999; 274(24): 17242 - 17248.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Biol. Chem.Home page
J. Gemel, C. Jacobsen, and C. A. MacArthur
Fibroblast Growth Factor-8 Expression Is Regulated by Intronic Engrailed and Pbx1-binding Sites
J. Biol. Chem., February 26, 1999; 274(9): 6020 - 6026.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
C Coffinier, D Thepot, C Babinet, M Yaniv, and J Barra
Essential role for the homeoprotein vHNF1/HNF1beta in visceral endoderm differentiation
Development, January 11, 1999; 126(21): 4785 - 4794.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
E Barbacci, M Reber, M. Ott, C Breillat, F Huetz, and S Cereghini
Variant hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 is required for visceral endoderm specification
Development, January 11, 1999; 126(21): 4795 - 4805.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
J. Cell Sci.Home page
K Miki
Volume of liquid below the epithelium of an F9 cell as a signal for differentiation into visceral endoderm
J. Cell Sci., January 9, 1999; 112(18): 3071 - 3080.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
M Koutsourakis, A Langeveld, R Patient, R Beddington, and F Grosveld
The transcription factor GATA6 is essential for early extraembryonic development
Development, January 2, 1999; 126(4): 723 - 732.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
Genes Dev.Home page
J. Zhu, T. Fukushige, J. D. McGhee, and J. H. Rothman
Reprogramming of early embryonic blastomeres into endodermal progenitors by a Caenorhabditis elegans GATA factor
Genes & Dev., December 15, 1998; 12(24): 3809 - 3814.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


Home page
Genes Dev.Home page
E. E. Morrisey, Z. Tang, K. Sigrist, M. M. Lu, F. Jiang, H. S. Ip, and M. S. Parmacek
GATA6 regulates HNF4 and is required for differentiation of visceral endoderm in the mouse embryo
Genes & Dev., November 15, 1998; 12(22): 3579 - 3590.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


Home page
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
P. E. Mead, Y. Zhou, K. D. Lustig, T. L. Huber, M. W. Kirschner, and L. I. Zon
Cloning of Mix-related homeodomain proteins using fast retrieval of gel shift activities, (FROGS), a technique for the isolation of DNA-binding proteins
PNAS, September 15, 1998; 95(19): 11251 - 11256.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol.Home page
A. Goyal, R. Singh, E. A. Swietlicki, M. S. Levin, and D. C. Rubin
Characterization of rat epimorphin/syntaxin 2 expression suggests a role in crypt-villus morphogenesis
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, July 1, 1998; 275(1): G114 - G124.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Mol. Cell. Biol.Home page
X. Gao, T. Sedgwick, Y.-B. Shi, and T. Evans
Distinct Functions Are Implicated for the GATA-4, -5, and -6 Transcription Factors in the Regulation of Intestine Epithelial Cell Differentiation
Mol. Cell. Biol., May 1, 1998; 18(5): 2901 - 2911.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


Home page
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
E. Arman, R. Haffner-Krausz, Y. Chen, J. K. Heath, and P. Lonai
Targeted disruption of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor 2 suggests a role for FGF signaling in pregastrulation mammalian development
PNAS, April 28, 1998; 95(9): 5082 - 5087.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
P Bossard and K. Zaret
GATA transcription factors as potentiators of gut endoderm differentiation
Development, January 12, 1998; 125(24): 4909 - 4917.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
I Dragatsis, A Efstratiadis, and S Zeitlin
Mouse mutant embryos lacking huntingtin are rescued from lethality by wild-type extraembryonic tissues
Development, January 4, 1998; 125(8): 1529 - 1539.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
Genes Dev.Home page
C. Sirard, J. L. de la Pompa, A. Elia, A. Itie, C. Mirtsos, A. Cheung, S. Hahn, A. Wakeham, L. Schwartz, S. E. Kern, et al.
The tumor suppressor gene Smad4/Dpc4 is required for gastrulation and later for anterior development of the mouse embryo
Genes & Dev., January 1, 1998; 12(1): 107 - 119.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


Home page
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
M. Stoffel and S. A. Duncan
The maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY1) transcription factor HNF4alpha regulates expression of genes required for glucose transport and metabolism
PNAS, November 25, 1997; 94(24): 13209 - 13214.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
BloodHome page
A. G. Elefanty, L. Robb, R. Birner, and C. G. Begley
Hematopoietic-Specific Genes Are Not Induced During In Vitro Differentiation of scl-Null Embryonic Stem Cells
Blood, August 15, 1997; 90(4): 1435 - 1447.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
EndocrinologyHome page
M. Heikinheimo, M. Ermolaeva, M. Bielinska, N. A. Rahman, N. Narita, I. T. Huhtaniemi, J. S. Tapanainen, and D. B. Wilson
Expression and Hormonal Regulation of Transcription Factors GATA-4 and GATA-6 in the Mouse Ovary
Endocrinology, August 1, 1997; 138(8): 3505 - 3514.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Genes Dev.Home page
C T Kuo, E E Morrisey, R Anandappa, K Sigrist, M M Lu, M S Parmacek, C Soudais, and J M Leiden
GATA4 transcription factor is required for ventral morphogenesis and heart tube formation.
Genes & Dev., April 15, 1997; 11(8): 1048 - 1060.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
Genes Dev.Home page
J D Molkentin, Q Lin, S A Duncan, and E N Olson
Requirement of the transcription factor GATA4 for heart tube formation and ventral morphogenesis.
Genes & Dev., April 15, 1997; 11(8): 1061 - 1072.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
J. Biol. Chem.Home page
C. MacNeill, B. Ayres, A. C. Laverriere, and J. B.E. Burch
Transcripts for Functionally Distinct Isoforms of Chicken GATA-5 Are Differentially Expressed from Alternative First Exons
J. Biol. Chem., March 28, 1997; 272(13): 8396 - 8401.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Biol. Chem.Home page
E. E. Morrisey, H. S. Ip, Z. Tang, and M. S. Parmacek
GATA-4 Activates Transcription Via Two Novel Domains That Are Conserved within the GATA-4/5/6 Subfamily
J. Biol. Chem., March 28, 1997; 272(13): 8515 - 8524.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
N Narita, M Bielinska, and D. Wilson
Cardiomyocyte differentiation by GATA-4-deficient embryonic stem cells
Development, January 10, 1997; 124(19): 3755 - 3764.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
C Grepin, G Nemer, and M Nemer
Enhanced cardiogenesis in embryonic stem cells overexpressing the GATA-4 transcription factor
Development, January 6, 1997; 124(12): 2387 - 2395.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
S. Duncan, A Nagy, and W Chan
Murine gastrulation requires HNF-4 regulated gene expression in the visceral endoderm: tetraploid rescue of Hnf-4(-/-) embryos
Development, January 1, 1997; 124(2): 279 - 287.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
K. Rehorn, H Thelen, A. Michelson, and R Reuter
A molecular aspect of hematopoiesis and endoderm development common to vertebrates and Drosophila
Development, January 12, 1996; 122(12): 4023 - 4031.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
J. Biol. Chem.Home page
J. D. Molkentin
The Zinc Finger-containing Transcription Factors GATA-4, -5, and -6. UBIQUITOUSLY EXPRESSED REGULATORS OF TISSUE-SPECIFIC GENE EXPRESSION
J. Biol. Chem., December 8, 2000; 275(50): 38949 - 38952.
[Full Text] [PDF]




© The Company of Biologists Ltd 1995