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Development, Vol 122, Issue 1 173-179, Copyright © 1996 by Company of Biologists
JOURNAL ARTICLES |
M Mallo and T Gridley
Roche Institute of Molecular Biology, Roche Research Center, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA.
The tympanic membrane in mammals is a trilaminar structure formed by the apposition of two epithelial cell layers, along with an intervening layer of cells derived from pharyngeal arch mesenchyme. One epithelial layer is contributed by the external acoustic meatus, a derivative of the first pharyngeal cleft. The other epithelial layer is contributed by the tubotympanic recess, a derivative of the first pharyngeal pouch. We demonstrate here an absolute correlation between formation of the external acoustic meatus and formation of the tympanic ring, a first arch-derived membrane bone that anchors the tympanic membrane. Experimental loss of the tympanic ring by retinoic acid treatment, or duplication of the ring in Hoxa-2 null mutant embryos, resulted in corresponding alterations in formation of the external acoustic meatus. We suggest that the tympanic ring primordium induces formation and morphogenesis of the external acoustic meatus, and that expression of the Hoxa-2 and goosecoid genes may be involved in regulating the formation and morphogenesis of these structures.
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N. Bobola, M. Carapuco, S. Ohnemus, B. Kanzler, A. Leibbrandt, A. Neubuser, J. Drouin, and M. Mallo Mesenchymal patterning by Hoxa2 requires blocking Fgf-dependent activation of Ptx1 Development, August 1, 2003; 130(15): 3403 - 3414. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. Grammatopoulos, E Bell, L Toole, A Lumsden, and A. Tucker Homeotic transformation of branchial arch identity after Hoxa2 overexpression Development, January 12, 2000; 127(24): 5355 - 5365. [Abstract] [PDF]
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M Mallo, H Schrewe, J. Martin, E. Olson, and S Ohnemus Assembling a functional tympanic membrane: signals from the external acoustic meatus coordinate development of the malleal manubrium Development, January 10, 2000; 127(19): 4127 - 4136. [Abstract] [PDF]
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J. Barrow and M. Capecchi Compensatory defects associated with mutations in Hoxa1 restore normal palatogenesis to Hoxa2 mutants Development, January 11, 1999; 126(22): 5011 - 5026. [Abstract] [PDF]
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J. Rivera-Perez, M Wakamiya, and R. Behringer Goosecoid acts cell autonomously in mesenchyme-derived tissues during craniofacial development Development, January 9, 1999; 126(17): 3811 - 3821. [Abstract] [PDF]
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B Kanzler, S. Kuschert, Y. Liu, and M Mallo Hoxa-2 restricts the chondrogenic domain and inhibits bone formation during development of the branchial area Development, January 7, 1998; 125(14): 2587 - 2597. [Abstract] [PDF]
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D. Clouthier, K Hosoda, J. Richardson, S. Williams, H Yanagisawa, T Kuwaki, M Kumada, R. Hammer, and M Yanagisawa Cranial and cardiac neural crest defects in endothelin-A receptor-deficient mice Development, January 3, 1998; 125(5): 813 - 824. [Abstract] [PDF]
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