Development, Vol 122, Issue 11 3381-3391, Copyright © 1996 by Company of Biologists

JOURNAL ARTICLES

Pax2 contributes to inner ear patterning and optic nerve trajectory

M Torres, E Gomez-Pardo and P Gruss
Abteilung Molekulare Zellbiologie, Max-Planck-Institut fur Biophysikalische Chemie, Gottingen, Germany.

During gestation, the paired box-containing gene Pax2 is expressed in the mid-hindbrain area, developing eye and inner ear. We generated Pax2 null mutant mice, which show the requirement of Pax2 for the establishment of axonal pathways along the optic stalks and ventral diencephalon. In mutant brains, the optic tracts remain totally ipsilateral due to agenesis of the optic chiasma. Furthermore, Pax2 mutants show extension of the pigmented retina into the optic stalks and failure of the optic fissure to close resulting in coloboma. In the inner ear, Pax2 mutants show agenesis of the cochlea and the spiral ganglion, i.e., the parts of the organ responsible for auditory function and in whose primordium Pax2 is expressed. Our results identify Pax2 as a major regulator of patterning during organogenesis of the eye and inner ear and indicate its function in morphogenetic events required for closure of the optic fissure and neural tube.
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				D.H. Rowitch, P.S. Danielian, S.M.K. Lee, Y. Echelard, and A.P. McMahon Cell Interactions in Patterning the Mammalian Midbrain Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol, January 1, 1997; 62(0): 535 - 544. [Abstract] [PDF]

				B. Ritz-Laser, A. Estreicher, B. Gauthier, and J. Philippe The Paired Homeodomain Transcription Factor Pax-2 Is Expressed in the Endocrine Pancreas and Transactivates the Glucagon Gene Promoter J. Biol. Chem., October 13, 2000; 275(42): 32708 - 32715. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Planque, L. Leconte, F. M. Coquelle, P. Martin, and S. Saule Specific Pax-6/Microphthalmia Transcription Factor Interactions Involve Their DNA-binding Domains and Inhibit Transcriptional Properties of Both Proteins J. Biol. Chem., July 27, 2001; 276(31): 29330 - 29337. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Cai, M. S. Lechner, D. Nihalani, M. J. Prindle, L. B. Holzman, and G. R. Dressler Phosphorylation of Pax2 by the c-Jun N-terminal Kinase and Enhanced Pax2-dependent Transcription Activation J. Biol. Chem., January 4, 2002; 277(2): 1217 - 1222. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. T. Yu, M.-Y. Chiang, T. Tanabe, M. Kobayashi, K. Yasuda, R. M. Evans, and K. Umesono The orphan nuclear receptor Tlx regulates Pax2 and is essential for vision PNAS, March 14, 2000; 97(6): 2621 - 2625. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]