|
|
|
|||
| Home Help Feedback Subscriptions Archive Search Table of Contents | ||||
Development, Vol 122, Issue 12 3969-3979, Copyright © 1996 by Company of Biologists
JOURNAL ARTICLES |
EE Storm and DM Kingsley
Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305-5427, USA.
The mouse brachypodism locus encodes a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-like molecule called growth/differentiation factor 5 (GDF5). Here we show that Gdf5 transcripts are expressed in a striking pattern of transverse stripes within many skeletal precursors in the developing limb. The number, location and time of appearance of these stripes corresponds to the sites where joints will later form between skeletal elements. Null mutations in Gdf5 disrupt the formation of more than 30% of the synovial joints in the limb, leading to complete or partial fusions between particular skeletal elements, and changes in the patterns of repeating structures in the digits, wrists and ankles. Mice carrying null mutations in both Gdf5 and another BMP family member, Bmp5, show additional abnormalities not observed in either of the single mutants. These defects include disruption of the sternebrae within the sternum and abnormal formation of the fibrocartilaginous joints between the sternebrae and ribs. Previous studies have shown that members of the BMP family are required for normal development of cartilage and bone. The current studies suggest that particular BMP family members may also play an essential role in the segmentation process that cleaves skeletal precursors into separate elements. This process helps determine the number of elements in repeating series in both limbs and sternum, and is required for normal generation of the functional articulations between many adjacent structures in the vertebrate skeleton.
This article has been cited by other articles:
![]() |
R. Raz, S. Stricker, E. Gazzerro, J. L. Clor, F. Witte, H. Nistala, S. Zabski, R. C. Pereira, L. Stadmeyer, X. Wang, et al. The mutation ROR2W749X, linked to human BDB, is a recessive mutation in the mouse, causing brachydactyly, mediating patterning of joints and modeling recessive Robinow syndrome Development, May 1, 2008; 135(9): 1713 - 1723. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Itoh, S. Kanno, Z. Gai, H. Suemoto, M. Kawakatsu, H. Tanishima, Y. Morimoto, K. Nishioka, I. Hatamura, M. Yoshida, et al. Trps1 plays a pivotal role downstream of Gdf5 signaling in promoting chondrogenesis and apoptosis of ATDC5 cells. Genes Cells, April 1, 2008; 13(4): 355 - 363. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
H. Masuya, K. Nishida, T. Furuichi, H. Toki, G. Nishimura, H. Kawabata, H. Yokoyama, A. Yoshida, S. Tominaga, J. Nagano, et al. A novel dominant-negative mutation in Gdf5 generated by ENU mutagenesis impairs joint formation and causes osteoarthritis in mice Hum. Mol. Genet., October 1, 2007; 16(19): 2366 - 2375. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Spagnoli, L. O'Rear, R. L. Chandler, F. Granero-Molto, D. P. Mortlock, A. E. Gorska, J. A. Weis, L. Longobardi, A. Chytil, K. Shimer, et al. TGF-{beta} signaling is essential for joint morphogenesis J. Cell Biol., July 30, 2007; 177(6): 1105 - 1117. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
G. Schett, R. Landewe, and D. van der Heijde Tumour necrosis factor blockers and structural remodelling in ankylosing spondylitis: what is reality and what is fiction? Ann Rheum Dis, June 1, 2007; 66(6): 709 - 711. [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Provot, D. Zinyk, Y. Gunes, R. Kathri, Q. Le, H. M. Kronenberg, R. S. Johnson, M. T. Longaker, A. J. Giaccia, and E. Schipani Hif-1{alpha} regulates differentiation of limb bud mesenchyme and joint development J. Cell Biol., May 7, 2007; 177(3): 451 - 464. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
D. Spater, T. P. Hill, R. J. O'Sullivan, M. Gruber, D. A. Conner, and C. Hartmann Wnt9a signaling is required for joint integrity and regulation of Ihh during chondrogenesis Development, August 1, 2006; 133(15): 3039 - 3049. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
X. Guo, T. F. Day, X. Jiang, L. Garrett-Beal, L. Topol, and Y. Yang Wnt/{beta}-catenin signaling is sufficient and necessary for synovial joint formation Genes & Dev., October 1, 2004; 18(19): 2404 - 2417. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Nifuji, O. Kellermann, and M. Noda Noggin Inhibits Chondrogenic But Not Osteogenic Differentiation in Mesodermal Stem Cell Line C1 and Skeletal Cells Endocrinology, July 1, 2004; 145(7): 3434 - 3442. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Y. Chen, V. Knezevic, V. Ervin, R. Hutson, Y. Ward, and S. Mackem Direct interaction with Hoxd proteins reverses Gli3-repressor function to promote digit formation downstream of Shh Development, May 15, 2004; 131(10): 2339 - 2347. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
T. Takada, T. Katagiri, M. Ifuku, N. Morimura, M. Kobayashi, K. Hasegawa, A. Ogamo, and R. Kamijo Sulfated Polysaccharides Enhance the Biological Activities of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins J. Biol. Chem., October 31, 2003; 278(44): 43229 - 43235. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. Lehmann, P. Seemann, S. Stricker, M. Sammar, B. Meyer, K. Suring, F. Majewski, S. Tinschert, K.-H. Grzeschik, D. Muller, et al. From the Cover: Mutations in bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1B cause brachydactyly type A2 PNAS, October 14, 2003; 100(21): 12277 - 12282. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. T. Miller, D. Yelon, D. Y. R. Stainier, and C. B. Kimmel Two endothelin 1 effectors, hand2 and bapx1, pattern ventral pharyngeal cartilage and the jaw joint Development, April 1, 2003; 130(7): 1353 - 1365. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
E. E. Storm, J. L. R. Rubenstein, and G. R. Martin Dosage of Fgf8 determines whether cell survival is positively or negatively regulated in the developing forebrain PNAS, February 18, 2003; 100(4): 1757 - 1762. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
E. C. Delot, M. E. Bahamonde, M. Zhao, and K. M. Lyons BMP signaling is required for septation of the outflow tract of the mammalian heart Development, January 1, 2003; 130(1): 209 - 220. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
H. Chang, C. W. Brown, and M. M. Matzuk Genetic Analysis of the Mammalian Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Superfamily Endocr. Rev., December 1, 2002; 23(6): 787 - 823. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
H. Akiyama, M.-C. Chaboissier, J. F. Martin, A. Schedl, and B. de Crombrugghe The transcription factor Sox9 has essential roles in successive steps of the chondrocyte differentiation pathway and is required for expression of Sox5 and Sox6 Genes & Dev., November 1, 2002; 16(21): 2813 - 2828. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Q. Wang, R. P. Green, G. Zhao, and D. M. Ornitz Differential regulation of endochondral bone growth and joint development by FGFR1 and FGFR3 tyrosine kinase domains Development, October 1, 2001; 128(19): 3867 - 3876. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. Ueta, M. Iwamoto, N. Kanatani, C. Yoshida, Y. Liu, M. Enomoto-Iwamoto, T. Ohmori, H. Enomoto, K. Nakata, K. Takada, et al. Skeletal Malformations Caused by Overexpression of Cbfa1 or Its Dominant Negative Form in Chondrocytes J. Cell Biol., April 2, 2001; 153(1): 87 - 100. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. H. Reddi Bone Morphogenetic Proteins: From Basic Science to Clinical Applications J. Bone Joint Surg. Am., April 1, 2001; 83(90010): S1 - 6. [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. A. van Grunsven, A. Schellens, D. Huylebroeck, and K. Verschueren SIP1 (Smad Interacting Protein 1) and {delta}EF1 ({delta}-Crystallin Enhancer Binding Factor) are Structurally Similar Transcriptional Repressors : A Current Survey of Their Functions and Mechanisms of Action in Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Signalling J. Bone Joint Surg. Am., April 1, 2001; 83(90010): S40 - 47. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
X. Yang, L. Chen, X. Xu, C. Li, C. Huang, and C.-X. Deng TGF-{beta}/Smad3 Signals Repress Chondrocyte Hypertrophic Differentiation and Are Required for Maintaining Articular Cartilage J. Cell Biol., March 26, 2001; 153(1): 35 - 46. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. H. Reddi Bone Morphogenetic Proteins: From Basic Science to Clinical Applications J. Bone Joint Surg. Am., March 1, 2001; 83(1_suppl_1): S1 - S6. [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. A. van Grunsven, A. Schellens, D. Huylebroeck, and K. Verschueren SIP1 (Smad Interacting Protein 1) and {delta}EF1 ({delta}-Crystallin Enhancer Binding Factor) are Structurally Similar Transcriptional Repressors : A Current Survey of Their Functions and Mechanisms of Action in Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Signalling J. Bone Joint Surg. Am., March 1, 2001; 83(1_suppl_1): S40 - S47. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R. D. Dahn and J. F. Fallon Interdigital Regulation of Digit Identity and Homeotic Transformation by Modulated BMP Signaling Science, July 21, 2000; 289(5478): 438 - 441. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
A. M. Ho, M. D. Johnson, and D. M. Kingsley Role of the Mouse ank Gene in Control of Tissue Calcification and Arthritis Science, July 14, 2000; 289(5477): 265 - 270. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
L. Gilboa, A. Nohe, T. Geissendörfer, W. Sebald, Y. I. Henis, and P. Knaus Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor Complexes on the Surface of Live Cells: A New Oligomerization Mode for Serine/Threonine Kinase Receptors Mol. Biol. Cell, March 1, 2000; 11(3): 1023 - 1035. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
C. Miller, T. Schilling, K Lee, J Parker, and C. Kimmel sucker encodes a zebrafish Endothelin-1 required for ventral pharyngeal arch development Development, January 9, 2000; 127(17): 3815 - 3828. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
B Schmid, M Furthauer, S. Connors, J Trout, B Thisse, C Thisse, and M. Mullins Equivalent genetic roles for bmp7/snailhouse and bmp2b/swirl in dorsoventral pattern formation Development, January 3, 2000; 127(5): 957 - 967. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Baur, J. Mai, and S. Dymecki Combinatorial signaling through BMP receptor IB and GDF5: shaping of the distal mouse limb and the genetics of distal limb diversity Development, January 2, 2000; 127(3): 605 - 619. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Yi, A Daluiski, R Pederson, V Rosen, and K. Lyons The type I BMP receptor BMPRIB is required for chondrogenesis in the mouse limb Development, January 2, 2000; 127(3): 621 - 630. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. J. Davidson, J. H. Postlethwait, Y.-L. Yan, D. R. Beier, C. van Doren, D. Foernzler, A. J. Celeste, K. E. Crosier, and P. S. Crosier Isolation of Zebrafish gdf7 and Comparative Genetic Mapping of Genes Belonging to the Growth/Differentiation Factor 5, 6, 7 Subgroup of the TGF-beta Superfamily Genome Res., February 1, 1999; 9(2): 121 - 129. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
N. Tsumaki, K. Tanaka, E. Arikawa-Hirasawa, T. Nakase, T. Kimura, J. T. Thomas, T. Ochi, F. P. Luyten, and Y. Yamada Role of CDMP-1 in Skeletal Morphogenesis: Promotion of Mesenchymal Cell Recruitment and Chondrocyte Differentiation J. Cell Biol., January 11, 1999; 144(1): 161 - 173. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C Chang and A Hemmati-Brivanlou Xenopus GDF6, a new antagonist of noggin and a partner of BMPs Development, January 8, 1999; 126(15): 3347 - 3357. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R Merino, D Macias, Y Ganan, J Rodriguez-Leon, A. Economides, C Rodriguez-Esteban, J. Izpisua-Belmonte, and J. Hurle Control of digit formation by activin signalling Development, January 5, 1999; 126(10): 2161 - 2170. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
P. Francis-West, A Abdelfattah, P Chen, C Allen, J Parish, R Ladher, S Allen, S MacPherson, F. Luyten, and C. Archer Mechanisms of GDF-5 action during skeletal development Development, January 3, 1999; 126(6): 1305 - 1315. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R Crowe, J Zikherman, and L Niswander Delta-1 negatively regulates the transition from prehypertrophic to hypertrophic chondrocytes during cartilage formation Development, January 2, 1999; 126(5): 987 - 998. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. J. Brunet, J. A. McMahon, A. P. McMahon, and R. M. Harland Noggin, Cartilage Morphogenesis, and Joint Formation in the Mammalian Skeleton Science, May 29, 1998; 280(5368): 1455 - 1457. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
T Takagi, H Moribe, H Kondoh, and Y Higashi DeltaEF1, a zinc finger and homeodomain transcription factor, is required for skeleton patterning in multiple lineages Development, January 1, 1998; 125(1): 21 - 31. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
An Extensive 3' Regulatory Region Controls Expression of Bmp5 in Specific Anatomical Structures of the Mouse Embryo Genetics, January 1, 1998; 148(1): 401 - 408. |
||||