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Development, Vol 124, Issue 18 3525-3533, Copyright © 1997 by Company of Biologists
JOURNAL ARTICLES |
JA Golden, JC Zitz, K McFadden and CL Cepko
Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 19104, USA. goldenj@mail.med.upenn.edu
We previously reported that retrovirally marked clones in the mature chick diencephalon were widely dispersed in the mediolateral, dorsoventral and rostrocaudal planes. The current study was undertaken to define the migration routes that led to the dispersion. Embryos were infected between stages 10 and 14 with a retroviral stock encoding alkaline phosphatase and a library of molecular tags. Embryos were harvested 2.5-5.5 days later and the brains were fixed and serially sectioned. Sibling relationships were determined following PCR amplification and sequencing of the molecular tag. On embryonic day 4, all clones were organized in radial columns spanning the neuroepithelium, which was composed primarily of a ventricular zone at this age. No tangential migration was seen in the ventricular zone. On embryonic day 5, most clones remained radial with many cells located in the ventricular zone; however, a few clones had cells migrating perpendicular to the radial column, in either a rostrocaudal or dorsoventral direction. The tangential migration began just beyond the basal limit of the ventricular zone. On embryonic days 6 and 7, many clones had cells migrating perpendicular to the radial column, which spanned from the ventricular to the pial surface. The migrating cells appeared to be aligned along axes that were perpendicular to the radial column. Using a combination of DiI tracing, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy, we have determined that axonal tracts are present and are aligned with the migrating cells, suggesting that they support the non-radial cell migration. These data indicate that migration along pathways independent of radial glia occur outside of the ventricular zone in more than 50% of the clones in the chick diencephalon.
This article has been cited by other articles:
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 M. F. McManus and J. A. Golden Topical Review: Neuronal Migration in Developmental Disorders J Child Neurol, April 1, 2005; 20(4): 280 - 286. [Abstract] [PDF]
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 I. Bystron, Z. Molnar, V. Otellin, and C. Blakemore Tangential Networks of Precocious Neurons and Early Axonal Outgrowth in the Embryonic Human Forebrain J. Neurosci., March 16, 2005; 25(11): 2781 - 2792. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. F. McManus and J. A. Golden Topical Review: Neuronal Migration in Developmental Disorders J Child Neurol, March 1, 2004; 19(3): 280 - 286. [Abstract] [PDF]
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C. Gregg and S. Weiss Generation of Functional Radial Glial Cells by Embryonic and Adult Forebrain Neural Stem Cells J. Neurosci., December 17, 2003; 23(37): 11587 - 11601. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 S. A. Tobet, H. J. Walker, M. L. Seney, and K. W. Yu Viewing Cell Movements in the Developing Neuroendocrine Brain Integr. Comp. Biol., December 1, 2003; 43(6): 794 - 801. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. S. Heffron and J. A. Golden DM-GRASP Is Necessary for Nonradial Cell Migration during Chick Diencephalic Development J. Neurosci., March 15, 2000; 20(6): 2287 - 2294. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Anderson, M. Mione, K. Yun, and J. L.R. Rubenstein Differential Origins of Neocortical Projection and Local Circuit Neurons: Role of Dlx Genes in Neocortical Interneuronogenesis Cereb Cortex, September 1, 1999; 9(6): 646 - 654. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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