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Development, Vol 124, Issue 3 589-602, Copyright © 1997 by Company of Biologists
JOURNAL ARTICLES |
JC Corbo, M Levine and RW Zeller
Department of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0347, USA.
We present evidence that the embryo of the ascidian, Ciona intestinalis, is an easily manipulated system for investigating the establishment of basic chordate tissues and organs. Ciona has a small genome, and simple, well-defined embyronic lineages. Here, we examine the regulatory mechanisms underlying the differentiation of the notochord. Particular efforts center on the regulation of a notochord-specific Ciona Brachyury gene (Ci-Bra). An electroporation method was devised for the efficient incorporation of transgenic DNA into Ciona embryos. This method permitted the identification of a minimal, 434 bp enhancer from the Ci-Bra promoter region that mediates the notochord-restricted expression of both GFP and lacZ reporter genes. This enhancer contains a negative control region that excludes Ci-Bra expression from inappropriate embryonic lineages, including the trunk mesenchyme and tail muscles. Evidence is presented that the enhancer is activated by a regulatory element which is closely related to the recognition sequence of the Suppressor of Hairless transcription factor, thereby raising the possibility that the Notch signaling pathway plays a role in notochord differentiation. We discuss the implications of this analysis with regard to the evolutionary conservation of integrative enhancers, and the subdivision of the axial and paraxial mesoderm in vertebrates.
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H Takahashi, Y Mitani, G Satoh, and N Satoh Evolutionary alterations of the minimal promoter for notochord-specific Brachyury expression in ascidian embryos Development, January 9, 1999; 126(17): 3725 - 3734. [Abstract] [PDF]
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Y Nakatani, R Moody, and W. Smith Mutations affecting tail and notochord development in the ascidian Ciona savignyi Development, January 8, 1999; 126(15): 3293 - 3301. [Abstract] [PDF]
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K. Peterson, R. Cameron, K Tagawa, N Satoh, and E. Davidson A comparative molecular approach to mesodermal patterning in basal deuterostomes: the expression pattern of Brachyury in the enteropneust hemichordate Ptychodera flava Development, January 1, 1999; 126(1): 85 - 95. [Abstract] [PDF]
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L. Wu and J. Lengyel Role of caudal in hindgut specification and gastrulation suggests homology between Drosophila amnioproctodeal invagination and vertebrate blastopore Development, January 7, 1998; 125(13): 2433 - 2442. [Abstract] [PDF]
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S Fujiwara, J. Corbo, and M Levine The snail repressor establishes a muscle/notochord boundary in the Ciona embryo Development, January 7, 1998; 125(13): 2511 - 2520. [Abstract] [PDF]
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B. V. Latinkic, M. Umbhauer, K. A. Neal, W. Lerchner, J. C. Smith, and V. Cunliffe The Xenopus Brachyury promoter is activated by FGF and low concentrations ofactivinandsuppressed by high concentrationsof activin and by paired-type homeodomain proteins Genes & Dev., December 1, 1997; 11(23): 3265 - 3276. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Arnone, L. Bogarad, A Collazo, C. Kirchhamer, R. Cameron, J. Rast, A Gregorians, and E. Davidson Green Fluorescent Protein in the sea urchin: new experimental approaches to transcriptional regulatory analysis in embryos and larvae Development, January 11, 1997; 124(22): 4649 - 4659. [Abstract] [PDF]
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C. Olsen and W. Jeffery A forkhead gene related to HNF-3beta is required for gastrulation and axis formation in the ascidian embryo Development, January 9, 1997; 124(18): 3609 - 3619. [Abstract] [PDF]
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