|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
| Home Help Feedback Subscriptions Archive Search Table of Contents | ||||
Development, Vol 126, Issue 14 3079-3088, Copyright © 1999 by Company of Biologists
JOURNAL ARTICLES |
S Krishnakumar and DG Oppenheimer
Department of Biological Sciences and Coalition for BioMolecular Products, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0344, USA.
The plant cytoskeleton plays a pivotal role in determining the direction of cell wall expansion, and ultimately the cell's final shape. However, the mechanisms by which localized expansion events are initiated remain obscure. Mutational analysis of the trichome (plant hair) morphogenic pathway in Arabidopsis has identified at least eight genes that determine trichome branch number. One of these genes, ZWICHEL (ZWI), encodes a novel member of the kinesin superfamily of motor proteins. Mutations in the ZWI gene cause a reduction in the number of trichome branches. To identify additional genes involved in trichome branch initiation, we screened for extragenic suppressors of the zwi-3 mutation and isolated three suppressors that rescued the branch number defect of zwi-3. These suppressors define three genes, named suz, for suppressor of zwichel-3. All of the suppressors were shown to be allele specific. One of the suppressors, suz2, also rescued the trichome branch number defect of another branch mutant, furca1-2. Plants homozygous for suz2 have more than the wild-type number of trichome branches. This suggests that SUZ2 is a negative regulator of trichome branching and may interact with ZWI and FURCA1. The suz1 and suz3 mutants display no obvious phenotype in the absence of the zwi-3 mutation. The suz1 zwi-3 double mutants also exhibited a male-sterile phenotype due to a defect in pollen tube germination and growth, whereas both the suz1 and the zwi-3 single mutants are fertile. The synthetic male sterility of the suz1 zwi-3 double mutants suggests a role for SUZ1 and ZWI in pollen germination and pollen tube growth. DNA sequence analysis of the zwi-3 mutation indicated that only the tail domain of the zwi-3 protein would be expressed. Thus, the suz mutations show allele-specific suppression of a kinesin mutant that lacks the motor domain.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  H. Buschmann and C. W. Lloyd Arabidopsis Mutants and the Network of Microtubule-Associated Functions Mol Plant, October 3, 2008; (2008) ssn060v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. J. Deeks, C. Rodrigues, S. Dimmock, T. Ketelaar, S. K. Maciver, R. Malho, and P. J. Hussey Arabidopsis CAP1 a key regulator of actin organisation and development J. Cell Sci., August 1, 2007; 120(15): 2609 - 2618. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 X. Zhang, P. H. Grey, S. Krishnakumar, and D. G. Oppenheimer The IRREGULAR TRICHOME BRANCH loci regulate trichome elongation in Arabidopsis Plant Cell Physiol., September 1, 2005; 46(9): 1549 - 1560. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Lu, Y.-R. J. Lee, R. Pan, J. N. Maloof, and B. Liu An Internal Motor Kinesin Is Associated with the Golgi Apparatus and Plays a Role in Trichome Morphogenesis in Arabidopsis Mol. Biol. Cell, February 1, 2005; 16(2): 811 - 823. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. D. Pollock and J. C. Larkin Estimating the Degree of Saturation in Mutant Screens Genetics, September 1, 2004; 168(1): 489 - 502. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V. S. Reddy, I. S. Day, T. Thomas, and A. S. N. Reddy KIC, a Novel Ca2+ Binding Protein with One EF-Hand Motif, Interacts with a Microtubule Motor Protein and Regulates Trichome Morphogenesis PLANT CELL, January 1, 2004; 16(1): 185 - 200. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Romagnoli, G. Cai, and M. Cresti In Vitro Assays Demonstrate That Pollen Tube Organelles Use Kinesin-Related Motor Proteins to Move along Microtubules PLANT CELL, January 1, 2003; 15(1): 251 - 269. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. S. N. Reddy, I. S. Day, S. B. Narasimhulu, F. Safadi, V. S. Reddy, M. Golovkin, and M. J. Harnly Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Calmodulin-binding Protein from Potato J. Biol. Chem., February 1, 2002; 277(6): 4206 - 4214. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. C. Gardiner, J. D. I. Harper, N. D. Weerakoon, D. A. Collings, S. Ritchie, S. Gilroy, R. J. Cyr, and J. Marc A 90-kD Phospholipase D from Tobacco Binds to Microtubules and the Plasma Membrane PLANT CELL, September 1, 2001; 13(9): 2143 - 2158. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. W. Vos, F. Safadi, A. S. N. Reddy, and P. K. Hepler The Kinesin-like Calmodulin Binding Protein Is Differentially Involved in Cell Division PLANT CELL, June 1, 2000; 12(6): 979 - 990. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. S. Day, C. Miller, M. Golovkin, and A. S. N. Reddy Interaction of a Kinesin-like Calmodulin-binding Protein with a Protein Kinase J. Biol. Chem., April 28, 2000; 275(18): 13737 - 13745. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Mathur and N.-H. Chua Microtubule Stabilization Leads to Growth Reorientation in Arabidopsis Trichomes PLANT CELL, April 1, 2000; 12(4): 465 - 478. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D Luo and D. Oppenheimer Genetic control of trichome branch number in Arabidopsis: the roles of the FURCA loci Development, January 12, 1999; 126(24): 5547 - 5557. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
