|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
| Home Help Feedback Subscriptions Archive Search Table of Contents | ||||
Division of Molecular Embryology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
*Author for correspondence (e-mail: niehrs{at}dkfz-heidelberg.de)
Accepted August 2, 2001
Anteroposterior (AP) patterning of the vertebrate neural plate is initiated during gastrulation and is regulated by Spemann’s organizer and its derivatives. The prevailing model for AP patterning predicts a caudally increasing gradient of a ‘transformer’ which posteriorizes anteriorly specified neural cells. However, the molecular identity of the transforming gradient has remained elusive. We show that in Xenopus embryos (1) dose-dependent Wnt signalling is both necessary and sufficient for AP patterning of the neuraxis, (2) Wnt/ß-catenin signalling occurs in a direct and long-range fashion within the ectoderm, and (3) that there is an endogenous AP gradient of Wnt/ß-catenin signalling in the presumptive neural plate of the Xenopus gastrula. Our results indicate that an activity gradient of Wnt/ß-catenin signalling acts as transforming morphogen to pattern the Xenopus central nervous system.
Key words: Anteroposterior neuraxis, AP, ß-catenin, Gastrulation, Head organizer, Long-range signalling, Morphogen gradient, Neural patterning, Neuroectoderm, Nieuwkoop, Spemann, Transformer, Wnt protein, Xenopus
CiteULike 
Complore 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us 
Digg 
Reddit 
Technorati 
Twitter What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  C. P. Petersen and P. W. Reddien A wound-induced Wnt expression program controls planarian regeneration polarity PNAS, October 6, 2009; 106(40): 17061 - 17066. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Meinhardt Models for the Generation and Interpretation of Gradients Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol, October 1, 2009; 1(4): a001362 - a001362. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Steventon, C. Araya, C. Linker, S. Kuriyama, and R. Mayor Differential requirements of BMP and Wnt signalling during gastrulation and neurulation define two steps in neural crest induction Development, March 1, 2009; 136(5): 771 - 779. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Russek-Blum, A. Gutnick, H. Nabel-Rosen, J. Blechman, N. Staudt, R. I. Dorsky, C. Houart, and G. Levkowitz Dopaminergic neuronal cluster size is determined during early forebrain patterning Development, October 15, 2008; 135(20): 3401 - 3413. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Grigoryan, P. Wend, A. Klaus, and W. Birchmeier Deciphering the function of canonical Wnt signals in development and disease: conditional loss- and gain-of-function mutations of {beta}-catenin in mice Genes & Dev., September 1, 2008; 22(17): 2308 - 2341. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. Ching, H. C. Hang, and R. Nusse Lipid-independent Secretion of a Drosophila Wnt Protein J. Biol. Chem., June 20, 2008; 283(25): 17092 - 17098. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Iglesias, J. L. Gomez-Skarmeta, E. Salo, and T. Adell Silencing of Smed-{beta}catenin1 generates radial-like hypercephalized planarians Development, April 1, 2008; 135(7): 1215 - 1221. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Lavado, O. V. Lagutin, and G. Oliver Six3 inactivation causes progressive caudalization and aberrant patterning of the mammalian diencephalon Development, February 1, 2008; 135(3): 441 - 450. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. P. Petersen and P. W. Reddien Smed-{beta}catenin-1 Is Required for Anteroposterior Blastema Polarity in Planarian Regeneration Science, January 18, 2008; 319(5861): 327 - 330. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Satoh, J. Ohnishi, A. Sato, M. Takeyama, S.-i. Iemura, T. Natsume, and H. Shibuya Nemo-Like Kinase-Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2A Signaling Regulates Anterior Formation in Xenopus Development Mol. Cell. Biol., November 1, 2007; 27(21): 7623 - 7630. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. M. Galli, T. L. Barnes, S. S. Secrest, T. Kadowaki, and L. W. Burrus Porcupine-mediated lipid-modification regulates the activity and distribution of Wnt proteins in the chick neural tube Development, September 15, 2007; 134(18): 3339 - 3348. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Scholpp, I. Foucher, N. Staudt, D. Peukert, A. Lumsden, and C. Houart Otx1l, Otx2 and Irx1b establish and position the ZLI in the diencephalon Development, September 1, 2007; 134(17): 3167 - 3176. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. A. McLin, S. A. Rankin, and A. M. Zorn Repression of Wnt/{beta}-catenin signaling in the anterior endoderm is essential for liver and pancreas development Development, June 15, 2007; 134(12): 2207 - 2217. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. L. Andoniadou, M. Signore, E. Sajedi, C. Gaston-Massuet, D. Kelberman, A. J. Burns, N. Itasaki, M. Dattani, and J. P. Martinez-Barbera Lack of the murine homeobox gene Hesx1 leads to a posterior transformation of the anterior forebrain Development, April 15, 2007; 134(8): 1499 - 1508. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Osakada, S. Ooto, T. Akagi, M. Mandai, A. Akaike, and M. Takahashi Wnt Signaling Promotes Regeneration in the Retina of Adult Mammals J. Neurosci., April 11, 2007; 27(15): 4210 - 4219. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Caneparo, Y.-L. Huang, N. Staudt, M. Tada, R. Ahrendt, O. Kazanskaya, C. Niehrs, and C. Houart Dickkopf-1 regulates gastrulation movements by coordinated modulation of Wnt/betacatenin and Wnt/PCP activities, through interaction with the Dally-like homolog Knypek Genes & Dev., February 15, 2007; 21(4): 465 - 480. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.-Y. Jeong, Z. Einhorn, P. Mathur, L. Chen, S. Lee, K. Kawakami, and S. Guo Patterning the zebrafish diencephalon by the conserved zinc-finger protein Fezl Development, January 1, 2007; 134(1): 127 - 136. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Coudreuse and H. C. Korswagen The making of Wnt: new insights into Wnt maturation, sorting and secretion Development, January 1, 2007; 134(1): 3 - 12. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. B. Fletcher, J. C. Baker, and R. M. Harland FGF8 spliceforms mediate early mesoderm and posterior neural tissue formation in Xenopus Development, May 1, 2006; 133(9): 1703 - 1714. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Matsuo-Takasaki, M. Matsumura, and Y. Sasai An essential role of Xenopus Foxi1a for ventral specification of the cephalic ectoderm during gastrulation Development, September 1, 2005; 132(17): 3885 - 3894. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Gestri, M. Carl, I. Appolloni, S. W. Wilson, G. Barsacchi, and M. Andreazzoli Six3 functions in anterior neural plate specification by promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting Bmp4 expression Development, May 15, 2005; 132(10): 2401 - 2413. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Offner, N. Duval, M. Jamrich, and B. Durand The pro-apoptotic activity of a vertebrate Bar-like homeobox gene plays a key role in patterning the Xenopus neural plate by limiting the number of chordin- and shh-expressing cells Development, April 15, 2005; 132(8): 1807 - 1818. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Rhinn, K. Lun, M. Luz, M. Werner, and M. Brand Positioning of the midbrain-hindbrain boundary organizer through global posteriorization of the neuroectoderm mediated by Wnt8 signaling Development, March 15, 2005; 132(6): 1261 - 1272. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Kapsimali, L. Caneparo, C. Houart, and S. W. Wilson Inhibition of Wnt/Axin/{beta}-catenin pathway activity promotes ventral CNS midline tissue to adopt hypothalamic rather than floorplate identity Development, December 1, 2004; 131(23): 5923 - 5933. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L. Lewis, J. Bonner, M. Modrell, J. W. Ragland, R. T. Moon, R. I. Dorsky, and D. W. Raible Reiterated Wnt signaling during zebrafish neural crest development Development, March 15, 2004; 131(6): 1299 - 1308. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Aamar and D. Frank Xenopus Meis3 protein forms a hindbrain-inducing center by activating FGF/MAP kinase and PCP pathways Development, January 1, 2004; 131(1): 153 - 163. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Xu, K. Yoshioka, D. Yoshimura, Y. Tominaga, T. Nishioka, M. Ito, and Y. Nakabeppu In Vitro Development of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Lacking JNK/Stress-activated Protein Kinase-associated Protein 1 (JSAP1) Scaffold Protein Revealed Its Requirement during Early Embryonic Neurogenesis J. Biol. Chem., November 28, 2003; 278(48): 48422 - 48433. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. C. Silva, M. Filipe, K.-M. Kuerner, H. Steinbeisser, and J. A. Belo Endogenous Cerberus activity is required for anterior head specification in Xenopus Development, October 15, 2003; 130(20): 4943 - 4953. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Haremaki, Y. Tanaka, I. Hongo, M. Yuge, and H. Okamoto Integration of multiple signal transducing pathways on Fgf response elements of the Xenopus caudal homologue Xcad3 Development, October 15, 2003; 130(20): 4907 - 4917. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Itasaki, C. M. Jones, S. Mercurio, A. Rowe, P. M. Domingos, J. C. Smith, and R. Krumlauf Wise, a context-dependent activator and inhibitor of Wnt signalling Development, September 15, 2003; 130(18): 4295 - 4305. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. del Barco Barrantes, G. Davidson, H.-J. Grone, H. Westphal, and C. Niehrs Dkk1 and noggin cooperate in mammalian head induction Genes & Dev., September 15, 2003; 17(18): 2239 - 2244. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.-H. Monsoro-Burq, R. B. Fletcher, and R. M. Harland Neural crest induction by paraxial mesoderm in Xenopus embryos requires FGF signals Development, July 15, 2003; 130(14): 3111 - 3124. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. I. Dorsky, M. Itoh, R. T. Moon, and A. Chitnis Two tcf3 genes cooperate to pattern the zebrafish brain Development, May 1, 2003; 130(9): 1937 - 1947. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Kudoh, S. W. Wilson, and I. B. Dawid Distinct roles for Fgf, Wnt and retinoic acid in posteriorizing the neural ectoderm Development, March 11, 2003; 129(18): 4335 - 4346. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. V. Lagutin, C. C. Zhu, D. Kobayashi, J. Topczewski, K. Shimamura, L. Puelles, H. R.C. Russell, P. J. McKinnon, L. Solnica-Krezel, and G. Oliver Six3 repression of Wnt signaling in the anterior neuroectoderm is essential for vertebrate forebrain development Genes & Dev., February 1, 2003; 17(3): 368 - 379. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. W. Houston, M. Kofron, E. Resnik, R. Langland, O. Destree, C. Wylie, and J. Heasman Repression of organizer genes in dorsal and ventral Xenopus cells mediated by maternal XTcf3 Development, September 1, 2002; 129(17): 4015 - 4025. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. B. Xanthos, M. Kofron, Q. Tao, K. Schaible, C. Wylie, and J. Heasman The roles of three signaling pathways in the formation and function of the Spemann Organizer Development, September 1, 2002; 129(17): 4027 - 4043. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.-H. Kim, J. Shin, H.-C. Park, S.-Y. Yeo, S.-K. Hong, S. Han, M. Rhee, C.-H. Kim, A. B. Chitnis, and T.-L. Huh Specification of an anterior neuroectoderm patterning by Frizzled8a-mediated Wnt8b signalling during late gastrulation in zebrafish Development, January 10, 2002; 129(19): 4443 - 4455. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
