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1 Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
2 Department of Cell Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
* Present address: Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
Present address: Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
Present address: Department of Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
¶Author for correspondence (e-mail: yas{at}bio.nagoya-u.ac.jp)
Accepted September 14, 2001
The surfaces of land plants are covered with a cuticle that is essential for retention of water. Epidermal surfaces of Arabidopsis thaliana embryos and juvenile plants that were homozygous for abnormal leaf shape1 (ale1) mutations were defective, resulting in excessive water loss and organ fusion in young plants. In ale1 embryos, the cuticle was rudimentary and remnants of the endosperm remained attached to developing embryos. Juvenile plants had a similar abnormal cuticle. The ALE1 gene was isolated using a transposon-tagged allele ale1-1. The predicted ALE1 amino acid sequence was homologous to those of subtilisin-like serine proteases. The ALE1 gene was found to be expressed within certain endosperm cells adjacent to the embryo and within the young embryo. Expression was not detected after germination. Our results suggest that the putative protease ALE1 affects the formation of cuticle on embryos and juvenile plants and that an appropriate cuticle is required for separation of the endosperm from the embryo and for prevention of organ fusion.
Key words: Arabidopsis thaliana, Epidermal differentiation, Cuticle, Subtilisin-like serine protease, Endosperm, ABNORMAL LEAF SHAPE (ALE1), Leaf morphology
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