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Development 129, 245-252 (2002)
© 2002 The Company of Biologists Limited

Ectopic expression of the Dlx genes induces glutamic acid decarboxylase and Dlx expression

Thorsten Stühmer1, Stewart A. Anderson1, Marc Ekker2 and John L. R. Rubenstein1,*

1 Nina Ireland Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, LPPI, University of California at San Francisco, 401 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143-0984, USA
2 Loeb Medical Research Institute, University of Ottawa, 1053 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario K1Y 4E9, Canada

*Author for correspondence (e-mail: jlrr{at}cgl.ucsf.edu)

Accepted 17 October 2001

The expression of the Dlx homeobox genes is closely associated with neurons that express {gamma}-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the embryonic rostral forebrain. To test whether the Dlx genes are sufficient to induce some aspects of the phenotype of GABAergic neurons, we adapted the electroporation method to ectopically express DLX proteins in slice cultures of the mouse embryonic cerebral cortex. This approach showed that ectopic expression of Dlx2 and Dlx5 induced the expression of glutamic acid decarboxylases (GADs), the enzymes that synthesize GABA. We also used this method to show cross-regulation between different Dlx family members. We find that Dlx2 can induce Dlx5 expression, and that Dlx1, Dlx2 and Dlx5 can induce expression from a Dlx5/6-lacZ enhancer/"reporter construct.

Key words: Dlx, Electroporation, Forebrain, GABA, Glutamic acid decarboxylase, Mouse




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