|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
| Home Help Feedback Subscriptions Archive Search Table of Contents | ||||
First published online 20 August 2003
doi: 10.1242/dev.00698
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 Vrije Universiteit, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Department of
Developmental Genetics, Section Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, De
Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
2 Department of Cytokine Biology, The Forsyth Institute, 140 The Fenway, and
Department of Developmental and Craniofacial Biology, Harvard School of Dental
Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Author for correspondence (e-mail:
mlevin{at}forsyth.org)
Accepted 1 July 2003
To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the control of morphogenetic signals by H+ flux during embryogenesis, we tested Fusicoccin-A (FC), a compound produced by the fungus Fusicoccum amygdali Del. In plant cells, FC complexes with 14-3-3 proteins to activate H+ pumping across the plasma membrane. It has long been thought that FC acts on higher plants only; here, we show that exposing frog embryos to FC during early development specifically results in randomization of the asymmetry of the left-right (LR) axis (heterotaxia). Biochemical and molecular-genetic evidence is presented that 14-3-3-family proteins are an obligate component of Xenopus FC receptors and that perturbation of 14-3-3 protein function results in heterotaxia. The subcellular localization of 14-3-3 mRNAs and proteins reveals novel cytoplasmic destinations, and a left-right asymmetry at the first cell division. Using gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments, we show that 14-3-3E protein is likely to be an endogenous and extremely early aspect of LR patterning. These data highlight a striking conservation of signaling pathways across kingdoms, suggest common mechanisms of polarity establishment between C. elegans and vertebrate embryos, and uncover a novel entry point into the pathway of left-right asymmetry determination.
Key words: Left-right asymmetry, 14-3-3 protein, Fusicoccin, Xenopus
Related articles in Development:
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  H. R.M. Schlaman, K. Schmidt, D. Ottenhof, M. H. van Es, T. H. Oosterkamp, and H. P. Spaink Analysis of Interactions of Signaling Proteins with Phage-Displayed Ligands by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy J Biomol Screen, September 1, 2008; 13(8): 766 - 776. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 X. Shu, J. Huang, Y. Dong, J. Choi, A. Langenbacher, and J.-N. Chen Na,K-ATPase {alpha}2 and Ncx4a regulate zebrafish left-right patterning Development, May 15, 2007; 134(10): 1921 - 1930. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Toyomasu, M. Tsukahara, A. Kaneko, R. Niida, W. Mitsuhashi, T. Dairi, N. Kato, and T. Sassa Fusicoccins are biosynthesized by an unusual chimera diterpene synthase in fungi PNAS, February 27, 2007; 104(9): 3084 - 3088. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. V. Danilchik, E. E. Brown, and K. Riegert Intrinsic chiral properties of the Xenopus egg cortex: an early indicator of left-right asymmetry? Development, November 15, 2006; 133(22): 4517 - 4526. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. S. Adams, K. R. Robinson, T. Fukumoto, S. Yuan, R. C. Albertson, P. Yelick, L. Kuo, M. McSweeney, and M. Levin Early, H+-V-ATPase-dependent proton flux is necessary for consistent left-right patterning of non-mammalian vertebrates Development, May 1, 2006; 133(9): 1657 - 1671. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Levin THE EMBRYONIC ORIGINS OF LEFT-RIGHT ASYMMETRY Crit. Rev. Oral. Biol. Med., July 1, 2004; 15(4): 197 - 206. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
