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First published online 8 October 2003
doi: 10.1242/dev.00825
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1 Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Machikaneyama 1-3,
Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
2 Laboratory of Neurochemistry, National Institute for Physiological Sciences,
Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
3 The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0193,
Japan
4 SORST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Kawaguchi, 332-0012,
Japan
5 Division of Behavior and Neurobiology, Department of Regulation Biology,
National Institute for Basic Biology, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki 444-8585,
Japan
Author for correspondence (e-mail:
murakami{at}fbs.osaka-u.ac.jp)
Accepted 18 August 2003
Neuronal migration is crucial for the construction of neuronal architecture such as layers and nuclei. Most inhibitory interneurons in the neocortex derive from the basal forebrain and migrate tangentially; however, little is known about the mode of migration of these neurons in the cortex. We used glutamate decarboxylase (Gad)67-green fluorescent protein (GFP) knock-in embryonic mice with expression of GFP in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic neurons and performed time-lapse analysis. In coronal slices, many GFP-positive neurons in the lower intermediate zone (IZ) and subventricular zone (SVZ) showed robust tangential migration from lateral to medial cortex, while others showed radial and non-radial migration mostly towards the pial surface. In flat-mount preparations, GFP-positive neurons of the marginal zone (MZ) showed multidirectional tangential migration. Some of these neurons descended toward the cortical plate (CP). Intracortical migration of these neurons was largely unaffected by a treatment that cleaves glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors. These findings suggest that tangential migration of cortical interneurons from lateral to medial cortex predominantly occurs in the IZ/SVZ and raise the possibility that a part of the pial surface-directed neurons in the IZ/SVZ reach the MZ, whereby they spread into the whole area of the cortex. At least a part of these neurons may descend toward the CP. Our results also suggest that intracortical migration of GABAergic neurons occurs independent of GPI-anchored proteins.
Key words: Neuronal migration, GABAergic interneuron, Neocortex, Time-lapse analysis, PI-PLC, Gad67, GPI-anchored protein, Tag1
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