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First published online 26 May 2004
doi: 10.1242/dev.01158

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Development of the mammary gland requires DGAT1 expression in stromal and epithelial tissues

Sylvaine Cases^1,, Ping Zhou¹, Jonathan M. Shillingford^5,*, Bryony S. Wiseman³, Jo Dee Fish¹, Christina S. Angle¹, Lothar Hennighausen⁵, Zena Werb^2,3 and Robert V. Farese, Jr^1,2,4

¹ Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA 94141-1900, USA
² Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
³ Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
⁴ Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
⁵ Laboratory of Genetics and Physiology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892,USA

Author for correspondence (e-mail: scases{at}gladstone.ucsf.edu)

Accepted 8 March 2004

Mammary gland development is a complex process that is dependent on interactions between the developing mammary epithelium and the surrounding stromal tissues. We show that mice lacking the triglyceride synthesis enzyme acyl CoA:diacylglycerol transferase 1 (DGAT1) have impaired mammary gland development, characterized by decreased epithelial proliferation and alveolar development, and reduced expression of markers of functional differentiation. Transplantation studies demonstrate that the impaired development results from a deficiency of DGAT1 in both the stromal and epithelial tissues. Our findings are the first to link defects in stromal lipid metabolism to impaired mammary gland development.

Key words: Mammary gland, Acyl CoA:diacylglycerol acyl transferase, Lipid, Triacylglycerol

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