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First published online December 28, 2004
doi: 10.1242/10.1242/dev.01586
Review |
1 University of Wisconsin - Medical School and The National Primate Research
Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
2 WiCell Research Institute, Madison, WI 53715, USA
* Author for correspondence (e-mail: thomson{at}primate.wisc.edu)
SUMMARY
Because embryonic stem (ES) cells are generally derived by the culture of inner cell mass (ICM) cells, they are often assumed to be the equivalent of ICM cells. However, various evidence indicates that ICM cells transition to a different cell type during ES-cell derivation. Historically, ES cells have been believed to most closely resemble pluripotent primitive ectoderm cells derived directly from the ICM. However, differences between ES cells and primitive ectoderm cells have caused developmental biologists to question whether ES cells really have an in vivo equivalent, or whether their properties merely reflect their tissue culture environment. Here, we review recent evidence that the closest in vivo equivalent of an ES cell is an early germ cell.
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