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First published online 19 October 2005
doi: 10.1242/dev.02076
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1 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032,
USA
2 Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, NY
10032, USA
3 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New
York, NY 10032, USA
Author for correspondence (e-mail:
greenwald{at}cancercenter.columbia.edu)
Accepted 5 September 2005
A novel mode of crosstalk between the EGFR-Ras-MAPK and LIN-12/Notch pathways occurs during the patterning of a row of vulval precursor cells (VPCs) in Caenorhabditis elegans: activation of the EGFR-Ras-MAPK pathway in the central VPC promotes endocytosis and degradation of LIN-12 protein. LIN-12 downregulation in the central VPC is a prerequisite for the activity of the lateral signal, which activates LIN-12 in neighboring VPCs. Here we characterize cis-acting targeting sequences in the LIN-12 intracellular domain and find that in addition to a di-leucine motif, serine/threonine residues are important for internalization and lysine residues are important for post-internalization trafficking and degradation. We also identify two trans-acting factors that are required for post-internalization trafficking and degradation: ALX-1, a homolog of yeast Bro1p and mammalian Alix and the WWP-1/Su(dx)/Itch ubiquitin ligase. By examining the effects of mutated forms of LIN-12 and reduced wwp-1 or alx-1 activity on subcellular localization and activity of LIN-12, we provide evidence that the lateral signal-inhibiting activity of LIN-12 resides in the extracellular domain and occurs at the apical surface of the VPCs.
Key words: Notch, Ras, Endocytosis, C. elegans
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