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First published online November 10, 2005
doi: 10.1242/10.1242/dev.02138
1 Section in Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biology, University of
California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
2 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Laboratory of Genetics, University of
Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
* Author for correspondence (e-mail: mcginnis{at}biomail.ucsd.edu)
Accepted 28 September 2005
While testing the functions of deletion mutants in the Hox protein Ultrabithorax (Ubx), we found that the embryonic repression function of Ubx on Distal-less transcription in limb primordia is highly concentration dependent. The steep sigmoidal relationship between in vivo Ubx concentration and Distal-less repression is dependent on the Ubx YPWM motif. This suggests that Ubx cooperatively assembles a multi-protein repression complex on Distal-less regulatory DNA with the YPWM motif as a key protein-protein interface in this complex. Our deletion mutants also provide evidence for a transcriptional activation domain in the N-terminal 19 amino acids of Ubx. This proposed activation domain contains a variant of the SSYF motif that is found at the N termini of many Hox proteins, and is conserved in the activation domain of another Hox protein, Sex combs reduced. These results suggest that the N-terminal region containing the SSYF motif has been conserved in many Hox proteins for its role in transcriptional activation.
Key words: Ultrabithorax, Drosophila, Hox, Transcriptional activation, Transcriptional repression, Sex combs reduced
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