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First published online 16 November 2005
doi: 10.1242/dev.02139

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Cell-to-cell movement of the CAPRICE protein in Arabidopsis root epidermal cell differentiation

Tetsuya Kurata¹, Tetsuya Ishida¹, Chie Kawabata-Awai¹, Masahiro Noguchi¹, Sayoko Hattori¹, Ryosuke Sano^1,*, Ryoko Nagasaka¹, Rumi Tominaga¹, Yoshihiro Koshino-Kimura², Tomohiko Kato^3,, Shusei Sato³, Satoshi Tabata³, Kiyotaka Okada^1,2 and Takuji Wada^1,

¹ Plant Science Center, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
² Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
³ Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan

Author for correspondence (e-mail: twada{at}psc.riken.jp)

Accepted 29 September 2005

CAPRICE (CPC), a small, R3-type Myb-like protein, is a positive regulator of root hair development in Arabidopsis. Cell-to-cell movement of CPC is important for the differentiation of epidermal cells into trichoblasts (root hair cells). CPC is transported from atrichoblasts (hairless cells), where it is expressed, to trichoblasts, and generally accumulates in their nuclei. Using truncated versions of CPC fused to GFP, we identified a signal domain that is necessary and sufficient for CPC cell-to-cell movement. This domain includes the N-terminal region and a part of the Myb domain. Amino acid substitution experiments indicated that W76 and M78 in the Myb domain are critical for targeted transport, and that W76 is crucial for the nuclear accumulation of CPC:GFP. To evaluate the tissue-specificity of CPC movement, CPC:GFP was expressed in the stele using the SHR promoter and in trichoblasts using the EGL3 promoter. CPC:GFP was able to move from trichoblasts to atrichoblasts but could not exit from the stele, suggesting the involvement of tissue-specific regulatory factors in the intercellular movement of CPC. Analyses with a secretion inhibitor, Brefeldin A, and with an rhd3 mutant defective in the secretion process in root epidermis suggested that intercellular CPC movement is mediated through plasmodesmata. Furthermore, the fusion of CPC to tandem-GFPs defined the capability of CPC to increase the size exclusion limit of plasmodesmata.

Key words: Arabidopsis, Epidermis, CAPRICE, Myb, Protein movement

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