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First published online 16 February 2005
doi: 10.1242/dev.01671
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1 Institut für Entwicklungsbiologie, Universität zu Köln,
Gyrhofstrasse 17, D-50923 Köln, Germany
2 Plant Gene Expression Center, Agricultural Research Service - USDA, 800
Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710, USA
3 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
Author for correspondence (e-mail:
werr{at}uni-koeln.de)
Accepted 17 December 2004
Development in higher plants depends on the activity of meristems, formative regions that continuously initiate new organs at their flanks. Meristems must maintain a balance between stem cell renewal and organ initiation. In fasciated mutants, organ initiation fails to keep pace with meristem proliferation. The thick tassel dwarf1 (td1) mutation of maize affects both male and female inflorescence development. The female inflorescence, which results in the ear, is fasciated, with extra rows of kernels. The male inflorescence, or tassel, shows an increase in spikelet density. Floral meristems are also affected in td1 mutants; for example, male florets have an increase in stamen number. These results suggest that td1 functions in the inflorescence to limit meristem size. In addition, td1 mutants are slightly shorter than normal siblings, indicating that td1 also plays a role in vegetative development. td1 encodes a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase (LRR-RLK) that is a putative ortholog of the Arabidopsis CLAVATA1 protein. These results complement previous work showing that fasciated ear2 encodes a CLAVATA2-like protein, and suggest that the CLAVATA signaling pathway is conserved in monocots. td1 maps in the vicinity of quantitative trait loci that affect seed row number, spikelet density and plant height. We discuss the possible selection pressures on td1 during maize domestication.
Key words: Meristem, Stem cells, Inflorescence, thick tassel dwarf1, Maize
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