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First published online 2 March 2005
doi: 10.1242/dev.01702

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NF-B signalling regulates the growth of neural processes in the developing PNS and CNS

Humberto Gutierrez^*,, Valerie A. Hale^*, Xavier Dolcet and Alun Davies

School of Biosciences, Biomedical Building, Museum Avenue, PO Box 911, Cardiff, CF10 3US, Wales

Author for correspondence (e-mail: humberto.g{at}ed.ac.uk)

Accepted 5 January 2005

The proper growth and elaboration of neural processes is essential for the establishment of a functional nervous system during development and is an integral feature of neural plasticity throughout life. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-B) is classically known for its ubiquitous roles in inflammation, immune and stress-related responses and regulation of cell survival in all tissues, including the nervous system. NF-B participation in other cellular processes remains poorly understood. Here we report a mechanism for controlling the growth of neural processes in developing peripheral and central neurons involving the transcription factor NF-B. Inhibiting NF-B activation with super-repressor IB-, BAY 11 7082 (IB- phosphorylation inhibitor) or N-acetyl-Leu-Leu-norleucinal (proteosomal degradation inhibitor), or inhibiting NF-B transcriptional activity with B decoy DNA substantially reduced the size and complexity of the neurite arbors of sensory neurons cultured with brain-derived neurotrophic factor while having no effect on their survival. NF-B exerted this effect during a restricted period of development following the phase of naturally occurring neuronal death when the processes and connections of the remaining neurons are extensively modified and refined. Inhibiting NF-B activation or NF-B transcriptional activity in layer 2 pyramidal neurons in postnatal somatosensory cortical slices reduced dendritic arbor size and complexity. This function of NF-B has important implications for neural development and may provide an explanation for reported involvement of NF-B in learning and memory.

Key words: NF-B, Axon, Dendrite, BDNF, Pyramidal neuron, Sensory neuron, Mouse

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