|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
| Home Help Feedback Subscriptions Archive Search Table of Contents | ||||
First published online 10 May 2006
doi: 10.1242/dev.02401
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin, 250 North Mills Street, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
* Author for correspondence (e-mail: ssblair{at}wisc.edu)
Accepted 27 March 2006
The protocadherins Fat (Ft) and Dachsous (Ds) are required for several processes in the development of Drosophila, including controlling growth of imaginal discs, planar cell polarity (PCP) and the proximodistal patterning of appendages. Ft and Ds bind in a preferentially heterophilic fashion, and Ds is expressed in distinct patterns along the axes of polarity. It has thus been suggested that Ft and Ds serve not as adhesion molecules, but as receptor and ligand in a poorly understood signaling pathway. To test this hypothesis, we performed a structure-function analysis of Ft and Ds, separating their adhesive and signaling functions. We found that the extracellular domain of Ft is not required for its activity in growth, PCP and proximodistal patterning. Thus, ligand binding is not necessary for Ft activity. By contrast, the extracellular domain of Ds is necessary and sufficient to mediate its effects on PCP, consistent with the model that Ds acts as a ligand during PCP. However, we also provide evidence that Ds can regulate growth independently of Ft, and that the intracellular domain of Ds can affect proximodistal patterning, both suggestive of functions independent of binding Ft. Finally, we show that ft mutants or a dominant-negative Ft construct can affect disc growth without changes in the expression of wingless and Wingless target genes.
Key words: Overgrowth, Junction, Four-jointed, Dachs, Frizzled, Grunge, Atrophin
Related articles in Development:
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  M. Willecke, F. Hamaratoglu, L. Sansores-Garcia, C. Tao, and G. Halder From the Cover: Boundaries of Dachsous Cadherin activity modulate the Hippo signaling pathway to induce cell proliferation PNAS, September 30, 2008; 105(39): 14897 - 14902. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. V. V. G. Reddy and K. D. Irvine The Fat and Warts signaling pathways: new insights into their regulation, mechanism and conservation Development, September 1, 2008; 135(17): 2827 - 2838. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Feng and K. D. Irvine Fat and Expanded act in parallel to regulate growth through Warts PNAS, December 18, 2007; 104(51): 20362 - 20367. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Pan Hippo signaling in organ size control Genes & Dev., April 15, 2007; 21(8): 886 - 897. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Yin and D. Pan Fat Flies Expanded the Hippo Pathway: A Matter of Size Control Sci. Signal., April 3, 2007; 2007(380): pe12 - pe12. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Halbleib and W. J. Nelson Cadherins in development: cell adhesion, sorting, and tissue morphogenesis Genes & Dev., December 1, 2006; 20(23): 3199 - 3214. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Casal, P. A. Lawrence, and G. Struhl Two separate molecular systems, Dachsous/Fat and Starry night/Frizzled, act independently to confer planar cell polarity. Development, November 1, 2006; 133(22): 4561 - 4572. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
