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First published online 8 December 2005
doi: 10.1242/dev.02199

Development 133, 229-235 (2006)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2006
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The JIL-1 histone H3S10 kinase regulates dimethyl H3K9 modifications and heterochromatic spreading in Drosophila

Weiguo Zhang, Huai Deng, Xiaomin Bao, Stephanie Lerach, Jack Girton, Jørgen Johansen and Kristen M. Johansen*

Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA.

* Author for correspondence (e-mail: kristen{at}iastate.edu)

Accepted 7 November 2005

In this study, we show that a reduction in the levels of the JIL-1 histone H3S10 kinase results in the spreading of the major heterochromatin markers dimethyl H3K9 and HP1 to ectopic locations on the chromosome arms, with the most pronounced increase on the X chromosomes. Genetic interaction assays demonstrated that JIL-1 functions in vivo in a pathway that includes Su(var)3-9, which is a major catalyst for dimethylation of the histone H3K9 residue, HP1 recruitment, and the formation of silenced heterochromatin. We further provide evidence that JIL-1 activity and localization are not affected by the absence of Su(var)3-9 activity, suggesting that JIL-1 is upstream of Su(var)3-9 in the pathway. Based on these findings, we propose a model where JIL-1 kinase activity functions to maintain euchromatic regions by antagonizing Su(var)3-9-mediated heterochromatization.

Key words: JIL-1 kinase, Chromatin, Histone modifications, HP1, Drosophila


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