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First published online 13 September 2006
doi: 10.1242/dev.02570
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TuRC components Grip75 and Grip128 have an essential microtubule-anchoring function in the Drosophila germline
1 Max-Planck-Institute for Developmental Biology, Department of Genetics,
Spemannstr. 35, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
2 Max-Planck-Institute for Developmental Biology, Electron Microscopy Unit,
Spemannstr. 35, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
* Author for correspondence (e-mail: nina.vogt{at}tuebingen.mpg.de)
Accepted 7 August 2006
The 
-tubulin ring complex (TuRC) forms an essential template
for microtubule nucleation in animal cells. The molecular composition of the
TuRC has been described; however, the functions of the subunits
proposed to form the cap structure remain to be characterized in vivo. In
Drosophila, the core components of the TuRC are essential for
mitosis, whereas the cap component Grip75 is not required for viability but
functions in bicoid RNA localization during oogenesis. The other cap
components have not been analyzed in vivo. We report the functional
characterization of the cap components Grip128 and Grip75. Animals with
mutations in Dgrip128 or Dgrip75 are viable, but both males
and females are sterile. Both proteins are required for the formation of
distinct sets of microtubules, which facilitate bicoid RNA
localization during oogenesis, the formation of the central microtubule aster
connecting the meiosis II spindles in oocytes and cytokinesis in male meiosis.
Grip75 and Grip128 anchor the axoneme at the nucleus during sperm elongation.
We propose that Grip75 and Grip128 are required to tether microtubules at
specific microtubule-organizing centers, instead of being required for general
microtubule nucleation. The TuRC cap structure may be essential only
for non-centrosome-based microtubule functions.
Key words: -Tubulin ring complex, Drosophila, bicoid RNA localization, Meiosis, Spermatogenesis
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