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First published online December 21, 2006
doi: 10.1242/10.1242/dev.02723

Development 134, 223-232 (2007)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2007
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Review

Polycomb/Trithorax response elements and epigenetic memory of cell identity

Leonie Ringrose1 and Renato Paro2

1 IMBA - Institute of Molecular Biotechnology GmbH, Dr Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria.
2 ZMBH - Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.

e-mails: ringrose{at}imp.univie.ac.at; paro{at}zmbh.uni-heidelberg.de

SUMMARY

Polycomb/Trithorax group response elements (PRE/TREs) are fascinating chromosomal pieces. Just a few hundred base pairs long, these elements can remember and maintain the active or silent transcriptional state of their associated genes for many cell generations, long after the initial determining activators and repressors have disappeared. Recently, substantial progress has been made towards understanding the nuts and bolts of PRE/TRE function at the molecular level and in experimentally mapping PRE/TRE sites across whole genomes. Here we examine the insights, controversies and new questions that have been generated by this recent flood of data.


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