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First published online 7 March 2007
doi: 10.1242/dev.003426

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Synthesis of the sulfate donor PAPS in either the Drosophila germline or somatic follicle cells can support embryonic dorsal-ventral axis formation

Xianjun Zhu^*, Leslie M. Stevens and David Stein

Section of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology and Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.

Author for correspondence (e-mail: d.stein{at}mail.utexas.edu)

Accepted 10 February 2007

SUMMARY

The establishment of dorsal-ventral (DV) polarity in the Drosophila embryo depends upon a localized signal that is generated in the perivitelline space of the egg through the action of a serine proteolytic cascade. Spatial regulation of this pathway is determined by the expression of the pipe gene in a subpopulation of ventral follicle cells in the developing egg chamber. The Pipe protein exhibits homology to vertebrate glycosaminoglycan sulfotransferases. In a previous study, we demonstrated that embryonic DV polarity depends upon the sulfotransferase activity of Pipe. Surprisingly, however, our results also indicated that formation of the embryonic DV axis does not require the synthesis of the high-energy sulfate donor, 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) in the follicle cells in which Pipe is presumed to function. Here, we resolve this apparent paradox by demonstrating that dorsalized embryos are only produced by egg chambers in which both germline and follicle cells lack PAPS synthetase activity. Thus, PAPS produced either in the germline or in the follicular epithelium can support the requirement for Pipe sulfotransferase activity in embryonic DV patterning. This finding indicates the existence of a conduit for the movement of PAPS between the germline and the follicle cells, which highlights a previously unappreciated mechanism of soma/germline cooperation affecting pattern formation.

Key words: Egg chamber, Sulfation, Sulfonation, Oogenesis, Dorsoventral, PAPS Synthase, papss, pipe, slalom, sugarless, sulfateless

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This article has been cited by other articles:

				Z. Zhang, X. Zhu, L. M. Stevens, and D. Stein Distinct functional specificities are associated with protein isoforms encoded by the Drosophila dorsal-ventral patterning gene pipe Development, August 15, 2009; 136(16): 2779 - 2789. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]