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First published online June 6, 2008
doi: 10.1242/10.1242/dev.020123

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Sonic hedgehog signalling from foregut endoderm patterns the avian nasal capsule

Laurence Benouaiche^1,2,*, Yorick Gitton^1,*, Christine Vincent³, Gérard Couly^1,2, and Giovanni Levi^1,

¹ Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, CNRS UMR 5166, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.
² Service de Chirurgie Plastique, Maxillofaciale et Stomatologie, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France.
³ Biologie du Développement, CNRS UMR 7622, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.

Authors for correspondence (e-mails: glevi{at}mnhn.fr; gerard.couly{at}nck.ap-hopparis.fr)

Accepted 29 April 2008

SUMMARY

Morphogenesis of the facial skeleton depends on inductive interactions between cephalic neural crest cells and cephalic epithelia, including the foregut endoderm. We show that Shh expression in the most rostral zone of the endoderm, endoderm zone I (EZ-I), is necessary to induce the formation of the ventral component of the avian nasal capsule: the mesethmoid cartilage. Surgical removal of EZ-I specifically prevented mesethmoid formation, whereas grafting a supernumerary EZ-I resulted in an ectopic mesethmoid. EZ-I ablation was rescued by Shh-loaded beads, whereas inhibition of Shh signalling suppressed mesethmoid formation. This interaction between the endoderm and cephalic neural crest cells was reproduced in vitro, as evidenced by Gli1 induction. Our work bolsters the hypothesis that early endodermal regionalisation provides the blueprint for facial morphogenesis and that its disruption might cause foetal craniofacial defects, including those of the nasal region.

Key words: Sonic hedgehog, Cephalic neural crest cells, Endoderm, Foregut, Mesethmoid, Nasal capsule, Chick

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