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First published online 9 July 2008
doi: 10.1242/dev.015289

Development 135, 2747-2756 (2008)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2008
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The C. elegans F-spondin family protein SPON-1 maintains cell adhesion in neural and non-neural tissues

Wei-Meng Woo1,*,{dagger}, Emily C. Berry1,2,*, Martin L. Hudson1, Ryann E. Swale1, Alexandr Goncharov2,3 and Andrew D. Chisholm2,{ddagger}

1 Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, Sinsheimer Laboratories, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
2 Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
3 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

{ddagger} Author for correspondence (e-mail: chisholm{at}ucsd.edu)

Accepted 11 June 2008

The F-spondin family of extracellular matrix proteins has been implicated in axon outgrowth, fasciculation and neuronal cell migration, as well as in the differentiation and proliferation of non-neuronal cells. In screens for mutants defective in C. elegans embryonic morphogenesis, we identified SPON-1, the only C. elegans member of the spondin family. SPON-1 is synthesized in body muscles and localizes to integrin-containing structures on body muscles and to other basement membranes. SPON-1 maintains strong attachments of muscles to epidermis; in the absence of SPON-1, muscles progressively detach from the epidermis, causing defective epidermal elongation. In animals with reduced integrin function, SPON-1 becomes dose dependent, suggesting that SPON-1 and integrins function in concert to promote the attachment of muscles to the basement membrane. Although spon-1 mutants display largely normal neurite outgrowth, spon-1 synergizes with outgrowth defective mutants, revealing a cryptic role for SPON-1 in axon extension. In motoneurons, SPON-1 acts in axon guidance and fasciculation, whereas in interneurons SPON-1 maintains process position. Our results show that a spondin maintains cell-matrix adhesion in multiple tissues.

Key words: Spondin, Extracellular matrix, Cell adhesion, Morphogenesis, Axon guidance


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W.-M. Woo, E. C. Berry, M. L. Hudson, R. E. Swale, A. Goncharov, and A. D. Chisholm
The C. elegans F-spondin family protein SPON-1 maintains cell adhesion in neural and non-neural tissues
J. Cell Sci., August 15, 2008; 121(16): e1607 - e1607.
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